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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Monitoring and Assessment >Influence of Drought and Municipal Sewage Effluents on the Baseflow Water Chemistry of an Upper Piedmont River
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Influence of Drought and Municipal Sewage Effluents on the Baseflow Water Chemistry of an Upper Piedmont River

机译：干旱和城市污水对皮埃蒙特河上游基流水化学的影响

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The Reedy River in South Carolina is affected by the urban area of Greenville, the third most populous city in the state, and by the effluents from two large-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located on the river. Riverine water chemistry was characterized using grab samples collected annually under spring season baseflow conditions. During the 4-year time period associated with this study, climaticrnvariations included two severe drought spring seasons (2001 and 2002), one above-normal precipitation spring season (2003), and one below-normal precipitation spring season (2004). The influence of drought and human activities on the baseflow chemistry of the river was evaluated by comparing concentrations of dissolved anions, total metals, and other important water chemistry parameters for these different years. Concentrations of copper and zinc, common non-point source contaminants related to urban activities, were not substantially elevated in the river within the urban area under baseflow conditions when compared with headwater and tributary samples. In contrast, nitrate concentrations increased from 1.2—1.6 mg/l up to 2.6-2.9 mg/l through the urban stream reach. Concentrations of other major anions (e.g., sulfate, nitrate) also increased along the reach, suggesting that the river receives continuous inputs of these species from within the urban area. The highest concentrations of major cations and anions typically were observed immediately downstream from the two WWTP effluent discharge locations. Attenuation of nitrate downstream from the WWTPs did not always track chloride changes, suggesting that nitrate concentrations were being controlled by biochemical processes in addition to physical processes. The relative trends in decreasing nitrate concentrations with downstream distance appeared to depend on drought versus non-drought conditions, with biological processes presumably serving as a more important control during non-drought spring seasons.
机译：南卡罗来纳州的里迪河（Reedy River）受该州第三大人口城市格林维尔市区以及河上两个大型市政污水处理厂（WWTP）的废水影响。利用春季春季基流条件下每年采集的抓取样品对河流水化学进行了表征。在与这项研究相关的4年时间内，气候变化包括两个严重的干旱春季季节（2001年和2002年），一个高于正常降水春季季节（2003年）和一个低于正常降水春季季节（2004年）。通过比较不同年份的溶解态阴离子，总金属和其他重要水化学参数的浓度，评估了干旱和人类活动对河流底流化学的影响。与源头和支流样品相比，在底流条件下，市区范围内河流中的铜和锌（与城市活动有关的常见面源污染物）浓度并未显着升高。相反，在城市河流中，硝酸盐浓度从1.2-1.6 mg / l增加到2.6-2.9 mg / l。其他主要阴离子（例如硫酸根，硝酸根）的浓度也随之增加，这表明河流从市区范围内不断吸收这些物种。通常在两个污水处理厂废水排放位置的下游立即观察到最高浓度的主要阳离子和阴离子。污水处理厂下游硝酸盐的衰减并不总是跟踪氯化物的变化，这表明除了物理过程外，硝酸盐浓度还受到生化过程的控制。硝酸盐浓度随下游距离而降低的相对趋势似乎取决于干旱与非干旱条件，据推测在非干旱春季，生物过程是更重要的控制措施。

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