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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Monitoring and Assessment >Heavy metal pollution in surface water of the Upper Ganga River, India: human health risk assessment
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Heavy metal pollution in surface water of the Upper Ganga River, India: human health risk assessment

机译：印度上甘地河地表水中的重金属污染：人类健康风险评估

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摘要

To assess the risk on human health, heavy metal contamination was analysed from surface water in the Upper Ganga river, India. Spatial and seasonal distribution of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr and Pb was evaluated at eight sites during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season of 2017. Average concentration of heavy metals was high, often exceeding the limits prescribed for surface water by Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Based on heavy metal pollution index (HPI), 87% of the river stretch was classified as medium to highly polluted. Simultaneous assessment of the health risk employing chronic daily intake (CDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) indicates that exposure through ingestion and dermal pathways currently poses no serious threat to human health (CDI 1, HQ 1). For the two population groups analysed, HQ(Ingestion) values for Cr (adults 0.51, child 0.55) and Pb (adult 0.31, child 0.34) were significantly higher as compared with other heavy metals. HIIngestion varied from 0.85 to 1.64 for adult and 0.92 to 1.77 for child group, indicating health risk to both groups with child group being more risk prone from either of the exposure pathways. In addition, HI values revealed an increased risk to health for both groups during the post-monsoon season. Higher hazard index (HI) values ( 1) in the Upper Ganga river indicate an ever-increasing non-carcinogenic risk to the exposed population within the riverine landscape. The study highlights the impact of heavy metals in degrading the water quality of the Upper Ganga river and also advocates immediate attention towards reducing human health risk.
机译：为了评估人类健康的风险，从印度上甘河河的地表水分分析了重金属污染。在季风前八个地点和2017年后季季季节的八个地点评估了Fe，Mn，Zn，Cr和Pb的空间和季节性分布。重金属的平均浓度高，通常超过由局局为地表水规定的限制印度标准（BIS）和世界卫生组织（WHO）。基于重金属污染指数（HPI），87％的河延伸被归类为培养基污染。同时评估采用慢性每日摄入（CDI）和危害商（HQ）的健康风险表明通过摄取和皮肤途径暴露目前对人类健康（CDI <1，HQ <1）没有严重威胁。对于分析的两种群体组，与其他重金属相比，Cr（成人0.51，儿童0.55）和Pb（成人0.51，儿童0.55）和Pb（成人0.31，儿童0.34）的HQ（摄入）值明显高。 Hiingestion为成人的0.85至1.64，儿童组为0.92至1.77，表明两组与儿童组的健康风险从任何一个曝光途径都容易出现。此外，HI值显示在季风季节期间两组健康的风险增加。上甘河上部危险指数（HI）值（> 1）表明河流景观内暴露的人口的不断增加的非致癌风险。该研究凸显了重金属在较低的上瓜河水质中的影响，并立即倡导降低人类健康风险。

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