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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Monitoring and Assessment >The effects of a remediated fly ash spill and weather conditions on reproductive success and offspring development in tree swallows
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The effects of a remediated fly ash spill and weather conditions on reproductive success and offspring development in tree swallows

机译：补救的飞灰溢出和天气条件对树燕子繁殖成功和后代发育的影响

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摘要

Animals are exposed to natural and anthropogenic stressors during reproduction that may individually or interactively influence reproductive success and offspring development. We examined the effects of weather conditions, exposure to element contamination from a recently remediated fly ash spill, and the interaction between these factors on reproductive success and growth of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) across nine colonies. Females breeding in colonies impacted by the spill transferred greater concentrations of mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), strontium, and thallium to their eggs than females in reference colonies. Parental provisioning of emerging aquatic insects resulted in greater blood Se concentrations in nestlings in impacted colonies compared to reference colonies, and these concentrations remained stable across 2 years. Egg and blood element concentrations were unrelated to reproductive success or nestling condition. Greater rainfall and higher ambient temperatures during incubation were later associated with longer wing lengths in nestlings, particularly in 2011. Higher ambient temperatures and greater Se exposure posthatch were associated with longer wing lengths in 2011 while in 2012, blood Se concentrations were positively related to wing length irrespective of temperature. We found that unseasonably cold weather was associated with reduced hatching and fledging success among all colonies, but there was no interactive effect between element exposure and inclement weather. Given that blood Se concentrations in some nestlings exceeded the lower threshold of concern, and concentrations of Se in blood and Hg in eggs are not yet declining, future studies should continue to monitor exposure and effects on insectivorous wildlife in the area.
机译：在繁殖过程中，动物会受到自然和人为压力，这可能会单独或交互影响生殖成功和后代发育。我们检查了天气条件的影响，暴露于最近补救的粉煤灰溢漏中的元素污染以及这些因素对九个殖民地树燕子（Tachycineta bicolor）繁殖成功和生长的相互作用。与参考殖民地相比，在受到溢油影响的殖民地中繁殖的雌性向卵中转移的汞，汞，硒，锶和th的浓度更高。与参考菌落相比，父母对新出现的水生昆虫的调配导致受影响菌落中雏鸟的血液中硒浓度更高，并且这些浓度在2年内保持稳定。鸡蛋和血液中的元素浓度与繁殖成功或雏鸟的状况无关。孵化期间更大的降雨和更高的环境温度后来与雏鸟的翅长有关，特别是在2011年。2011年，更高的环境温度和孵化后硒的暴露与翅长的长有关，而在2012年，血液中硒的浓度与翅正相关长度，与温度无关。我们发现，异常寒冷的天气与所有菌落的孵化和成年成功率降低相关，但元素暴露与恶劣天气之间没有交互作用。鉴于某些雏鸟的血液中硒含量超过了关注的下限，而且血液中硒和鸡蛋中汞的硒含量尚未下降，因此未来的研究应继续监测该地区食虫性野生生物的暴露及其影响。

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