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Monitoring the drastic growth of ship breaking yards in Sitakunda: a threat to the coastal environment of Bangladesh

机译：监测Sitakunda破船场的急剧增长：对孟加拉国沿海环境的威胁

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摘要

The vast coastal and marine resources that occur along the southern edge of Bangladesh make it one of the most productive areas of the world. However, due to growing anthropogenic impacts, this area is under considerable environmental pressure from both physical and chemical stress factors. Ship breaking, or the dismantling and demolition of out-of-service ocean-going vessels, has become increasingly common in many coastal areas. To investigate the extent of ship breaking activities in Bangladesh along the Sitakunda coast, various spatial and non-spatial data were obtained, including remote sensing imagery, statistical records and published reports. Impacts to coastal and marine life were documented. Available data show that ship breaking activities cause significant physical disturbance and release toxic materials into the environment, resulting in adverse effects to numerous marine taxonomic groups such as fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, plants, phyto-plankton, zooplankton and benthic invertebrates. Land-sat imagery illustrates that the negatively impacted coastal area has grown 308.7 % from 367 ha in 1989 to 1,133 ha in 2010. Physicochemical and biological properties of coastal soil and water indicate substantially elevated pollution that poses a risk of local, regional and even global contamination through sea water and atmospheric transport. While damage to the coastal environment of Bangladesh is a recognized hazard that must be addressed, the economic benefits of ship breaking through job creation and fulfilling the domestic demand for recycled steel must be considered. Rather than an outright ban on beach breaking of ships, the enterprise must be recognized as a true and influential industry that should be held responsible for developing an economically viable and environmentally proactive growth strategy. Evolution of the industry toward a sustainable system can be aided through reasonable and enforceable legislative and judicial action that takes a balanced approach, but does not diminish the value of coastal conservation.
机译：孟加拉国南部边缘的大量沿海和海洋资源使其成为世界上生产力最高的地区之一。但是，由于人为影响的增加，该地区受到来自物理和化学应力因素的巨大环境压力。在许多沿海地区，拆船或拆除和拆除不再使用的远洋船已变得越来越普遍。为了调查孟加拉国在Sitakunda海岸沿岸的拆船活动的程度，获得了各种空间和非空间数据，包括遥感图像，统计记录和已发表的报告。记录了对沿海和海洋生物的影响。现有数据表明，拆船活动会造成严重的物理干扰并将有毒物质释放到环境中，从而对鱼类，哺乳动物，鸟类，爬行动物，植物，浮游植物，浮游动物和底栖无脊椎动物等众多海洋生物分类群产生不利影响。陆地卫星图像显示，受到负面影响的沿海地区从1989年的367公顷增加到2010年的1,133公顷，增长了308.7％。沿海土壤和水的物理化学和生物学特性表明污染水平大大提高，这有可能造成局部，区域甚至全球性的风险。通过海水和大气运输受到污染。虽然必须解决对孟加拉国沿海环境的损害，但必须考虑到通过创造就业机会和满足国内对再生钢的需求而打破船舶的经济利益。与其完全禁止在海滩上破船，还不应该说企业是一个真正有影响力的行业，应该对制定经济上可行和对环境积极的增长战略负责。可以通过采取合理的，可强制执行的立法和司法行动来协助行业朝着可持续发展的方向发展，该行动应采取平衡的方法，但又不能降低沿海保护的价值。

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