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Assessment and monitoring of long-term forest cover changes in Odisha, India using remote sensing and GIS

机译:使用遥感和GIS评估和监测印度奥里萨邦的长期森林覆盖率变化

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Deforestation and fragmentation are important concerns in managing and conserving tropical forests and have global significance. In the Indian context, in the last one century, the forests have undergone significant changes due to several policies undertaken by government as well as increased population pressure. The present study has brought out spatiotemporal changes in forest cover and variation in forest type in the state of Odisha (Orissa), India, during the last 75 years period. The mapping for the period of 1924— 1935, 1975, 1985, 1995 and 2010 indicates that the forest cover accounts for 81,785.6 km2 (52.5 %), 56,661.1 km2 (36.4 %), 51,642.3 km2 (33.2 %), 49,773 km2 (32 %) and 48,669.4 km2 (31.3 %) of the study area, respectively. The study found the net forest cover decline as 40.5 % of the total forest and mean annual rate of deforestation as 0.69 %year~-1 during 1935 to 2010. There is a decline in annual rate of deforestation during 1995 to 2010 which was estimated as 0.15 %. Forest type-wise quantitative loss of forest cover reveals large scale deforestation of dry deciduous forests. The landscape analysis shows that the number of forest patches (per 1,000) are 2.463 in 1935, 10.390 in 1975, 11.899 in 1985, 12.193 in 1995 and 15.102 in 2010, which indicates high anthropogenic pressure on the forests. The mean patch size (km2) of forest decreased from 33.2 in 1935 to 5.5 in 1975 and reached to 3.2 by 2010. The study demonstrated that monitoring of long term forest changes, quantitative loss of forest types and landscape metrics provides critical inputs for management of forest resources.
机译:森林砍伐和碎片化是管理和养护热带森林的重要问题,具有全球意义。在印度,由于政府采取的多项政策以及人口压力的增加,在过去的一个世纪中,森林发生了重大变化。本研究提出了过去75年间印度奥里萨邦(奥里萨邦)森林覆盖率的时空变化和森林类型的变化。 1924年至1935年,1975年,1985年,1995年和2010年的地图显示,森林覆盖面积占81,785.6平方公里(52.5%),56,661.1平方公里(36.4%),51,642.3平方公里(33.2%),49,773平方公里(32% )和研究区域的48,669.4平方公里(31.3%)。研究发现,1935年至2010年间,森林净覆盖率下降了40.5%,年平均森林砍伐率为0.69%year-1。1995年至2010年间,森林砍伐的年均速度下降,估计为0.15%。在森林类型方面,森林覆盖率的定量损失表明干旱落叶林的大规模毁林。景观分析表明,森林斑块(每千个)的数量在1935年为2.463个,在1975年为10.390个,在1985年为11.899个,在1995年为12.193个,在2010年为15.102个,这表明对森林的人为压力很高。森林的平均斑块面积(km2)从1935年的33.2降至1975年的5.5,到2010年降至3.2。研究表明,对长期森林变化,森林类型的定量损失和景观指标的监测为森林的管理提供了重要的投入。森林资源。

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