Abst'/> Arsenic-phosphorus interactions in the soil-plant-microbe system: Dynamics of uptake, suppression and toxicity to plants
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Arsenic-phosphorus interactions in the soil-plant-microbe system: Dynamics of uptake, suppression and toxicity to plants

机译：土壤-植物-微生物系统中的砷-磷相互作用：植物吸收，抑制和毒性的动力学

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AbstractHigh arsenic (As) concentrations in the soil, water and plant systems can pose a direct health risk to humans and ecosystems. Phosphate (Pi) ions strongly influence As availability in soil, its uptake and toxicity to plants. Better understanding of As(V)-Pi interactions in soils and plants will facilitate a potential remediation strategy for As contaminated soils, reducing As uptake by crop plants and toxicity to human populations via manipulation of soil Pi content. However, the As(V)-Pi interactions in soil-plant systems are complex, leading to contradictory findings among different studies. Therefore, this review investigates the role of soil type, soil properties, minerals, Pi levels in soil and plant, Pi transporters, mycorrhizal association and microbial activities on As-Pi interactions in soils and hydroponics, and uptake by plants, elucidate the key mechanisms, identify key knowledge gaps and recommend new research directions. Although Pi suppresses As uptake by plants in hydroponic systems, in soils it could either increase or decrease As availability and toxicity to plants depending on the soil types, properties and charge characteristics. In soil, As(V) availability is typically increased by the addition of Pi. At the root surface, the Pi transport system has high affinity for Pi over As(V). However, Pi concentration in plant influences the As transport from roots to shoots. Mycorrhizal association may reduce As uptake via a physiological shift to the mycorrhizal uptake pathway, which has a greater affinity for Pi over As(V) than the root epidermal uptake pathway.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Soil type, properties and minerals greatly control As and Pi uptake by plants.•In soil, Pi could mostly increase As and Pi uptake, but decrease toxicity to plants.•Phosphate ions suppresses As uptake and toxicity to plants in hydroponic systems.•Plant and soil P status influences the translocation of As from roots to shoots.•Mycorrhizal associations reduce As uptake, but increase Pi uptake and plant growth.Understanding As-Pi interactions in the soil-plant systems can help in reducing the As uptake by crop plants and protecting the food chain.
机译： 摘要 土壤，水和植物系统中高浓度的砷（As）可能对人类和生态系统构成直接的健康风险。磷酸盐（Pi）离子强烈影响土壤中的有效性，对植物的吸收和毒性。更好地了解土壤和植物中As（V）-Pi的相互作用，将有助于潜在的修复As污染土壤的策略，通过控制土壤Pi的含量，减少农作物对As的吸收以及对人类的毒性。但是，土壤-植物系统中的As（V）-Pi相互作用很复杂，导致不同研究之间存在矛盾。因此，本综述调查了土壤类型，土壤特性，矿物质，土壤和植物中的Pi含量，Pi转运蛋白，菌根协会和微生物活性对土壤和水培法中As-Pi相互作用以及植物吸收的作用，阐明了关键机制，找出关键的知识差距并推荐新的研究方向。尽管Pi抑制了水耕系统中植物对As的吸收，但在土壤中，Pi可能会根据土壤类型，性质和电荷特性而增加或降低As的可用性和对植物的毒性。在土壤中，通常通过添加Pi来提高As（V）的利用率。在根表面，Pi转运系统对Pi的亲和力高于As（V）。但是，植物中的Pi浓度会影响As从根到芽的转运。菌根结合可能通过向菌根吸收途径的生理转变而减少了As的吸收，与根表皮吸收途径相比，其对Pi的As（V）亲和力更大。 图形摘要 省略显示 突出显示 • 土壤类型，性质和矿物质极大地控制了植物对As和Pi的吸收。 • 在土壤中，Pi可能主要增加As和Pi的吸收，但降低对植物的毒性。 • 磷酸盐离子可抑制摄取和水培系统对植物的毒性。 • 植物和土壤P的状态会影响As从根到芽的迁移。 • 菌根协会减少了As的吸收，但增加了Pi的吸收和植物的生长。 < / ce：list-item> 了解土壤-植物系统中的As-Pi相互作用可以帮助减少农作物对As的吸收并保护食物链。

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