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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Pollution >Acute sensitivity of three Cladoceran species to different types of microplastics in combination with thermal stress
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Acute sensitivity of three Cladoceran species to different types of microplastics in combination with thermal stress

机译：结合热应力，三种枝角藻属物种对不同类型的微塑料的急性敏感性

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Microplastics (5 mm, MP) are ubiquitously distributed in the environment, causing increasing concern regarding their potential toxicity to organisms. To date, most research has focussed on the impacts of MPs on marine and estuarine organisms, with fewer studies focussing on the effects of microplastics on freshwater ecosystems, especially under different environmental conditions. In the present study, the sensitivity of two temperate Cladoceran species, Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex, and a smaller tropical species Ceriodaphnia dubia, to primary microplastics (PMP) and secondary (weathered) micro plastics (SMP) was assessed. A prolonged acute toxicity assay (up to 72 or 96 h) was performed at 18, 22 degrees, and 26 degrees C, to determine the influence of temperature as an additional stressor and survival data were analysed using toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) model. Acute sensitivity of D. magna and D. pulex to both PMP and SMP increased sharply with temperature, whereas that of C. dubia remained relatively stable across temperatures. C. dubia was the most sensitive species at 18 degrees C, followed by D. pulex and D. magna, which were of comparable sensitivity. However, this ranking was reversed at 26 degrees C as could be seen from the No Effect Concentration (NEC) estimates of the TK-TD model. In addition, SMP and PMP had a similar effect on D. magna and D. pulex, but PMP was more toxic to C dubia. Effects on survival were strongly time-dependent and became substantially more severe after the standard 48 h test period. Our results indicate that sensitivity to microplastics may differ between species for different types of microplastics, and could be drastically influenced by temperature albeit at high exposure concentrations. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：微塑料（<5 mm，MP）在环境中无处不在，引起人们越来越关注它们对生物的潜在毒性。迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在MPs对海洋和河口生物的影响上，而很少有研究集中于微塑料对淡水生态系统的影响，特别是在不同的环境条件下。在本研究中，评估了两种温带克拉多兰物种Daphnia magna和Daphnia pulex以及较小的热带物种Ceriodaphnia dubia对初级微塑料（PMP）和次级（风化）微塑料（SMP）的敏感性。在18、22和26摄氏度下进行了延长的急性毒性试验（长达72或96小时），以确定温度的影响作为额外的应激源，并使用毒物动力学-毒物动力学（TK-TD）分析了生存数据模型。 D. magna和D. pulex对PMP和SMP的急性敏感性随温度急剧增加，而C. dubia在整个温度下均保持相对稳定。 C. dubia是18摄氏度时最敏感的物种，其次是D. pulex和D. magna，它们的敏感性相当。但是，从TK-TD模型的无效应浓度（NEC）估计可以看出，该排名在26摄氏度时被颠倒了。此外，SMP和PMP对美人蕉和D. pulex具有相似的作用，但PMP对C. dubia的毒性更大。对生存的影响在很大程度上取决于时间，并且在标准的48小时测试期后变得更加严重。我们的结果表明，对于不同类型的微塑料，物种之间对微塑料的敏感性可能会有所不同，并且即使在高暴露浓度下，也会受到温度的极大影响。 （C）2018 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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