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Source apportionment of Pb-containing particles in Beijing during January 2013

机译：2013年1月北京地区含Pb颗粒物的源分配

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摘要

Although leaded gasoline has been banned in some megacities in China since 1997 and nationally since 2000, atmospheric lead (Pb) pollution is still an important issue in China, as its concentration in megacities such as Beijing remains high. To measure the Pb concentration and identify sources of Pbcontaining particles in Beijing during January 2013, both an online Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS) and offline filters analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICPMS) were used at a monitoring site on the Peking University (PKU) campus. The average Pb concentration in PM2,5 was 370 ng/m(3) in January 2013 and the highest daily concentration was as high as 1.3 mu g/m(3) during our sampling period. Based on the mass spectra from the SPAMS, these particles were classified into 4 major types, including NO3-rich (61%), ECOC-rich (18%), Fe-rich (14%), and SO4-rich (7%). Results from this study suggest that combustion processes and the iron/steel industry were the major primary sources of Pb in Beijing. On clean days, the importance of the primary combustion particle type (ECOCrich) increased, while during severe haze episodes, Pb-containing particles mixed with secondary ions and Fe were dominant. Based on estimates from the CMAQ model, on average 45% of Pb in PM2.3 in urban Beijing was transported in January 2013, with a much higher percent transported during the haze episodes. The percentage of transported Pb increased with the concentration of Pb and PM2.5, indicating that emissions from the surrounding areas need to be controlled during high Pb episodes in Beijing in winter. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：尽管自1997年以来在中国一些大城市已禁止使用含铅汽油，自2000年以来在全国范围内已禁止使用含铅汽油，但由于其在北京等大城市中的浓度仍然很高，大气中的铅（Pb）污染仍然是中国的重要问题。为了测量北京地区2013年1月的Pb浓度并确定含Pb的颗粒来源，在线监测现场使用在线单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪（SPAMS）和通过电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICPMS）分析的离线过滤器。北京大学（PKU）校园。 2013年1月，PM2,5中的平均Pb浓度为370 ng / m（3），在我们的采样期间，最高的每日浓度高达1.3μg / m（3）。根据SPAMS的质谱图，这些颗粒分为4种主要类型，包括富NO3（61％），富ECOC（18％），富Fe（14％）和富SO4（7％）。 ）。这项研究的结果表明，燃烧过程和钢铁工业是北京铅的主要来源。在干净的日子里，主要燃烧颗粒类型（ECOCrich）的重要性增加，而在严重雾霾发作期间，与次级离子和Fe混合的含Pb颗粒占主导地位。根据CMAQ模型的估计，2013年1月，北京市区PM2.3中的铅平均转移了45％，而在霾天气中，铅的转移率要高得多。铅的运输百分比随铅和PM2.5的浓度增加而增加，这表明在冬季北京高铅事件期间需要控制周边地区的排放。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Pollution》 |2017年第7期|30-40|共11页
  • 作者

    Cai Jing; Wang Jiandon; Zhang Yanjun; Tian Hezhong; Zhu Chuanyong; Gross Deborah S.; Hu Min; Hao Jiming; He Kebin; Wang Shuxiao; Zheng Mei;

  • 作者单位

    Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, SKL ESPC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China|Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, BIC ESAT, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China;

    Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China;

    Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, SKL ESPC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China|Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, BIC ESAT, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China;

    Carleton Coll, Dept Chem, 1 N Coll St, Northfield, MN 55057 USA;

    Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, SKL ESPC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China|Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, BIC ESAT, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China;

    Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China;

    Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China;

    Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China;

    Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, SKL ESPC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China|Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, BIC ESAT, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China|Carleton Coll, Dept Chem, 1 N Coll St, Northfield, MN 55057 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Lead (Pb); Source apportionment; SPAMS; CMAQ; Beijing;

    机译：铅（Pb）;源分配;SPAMS;CMAQ;北京;

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