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Elemental mercury: Its unique properties affect its behavior and fate in the environment

机译：元素汞：其独特的性质会影响其行为和在环境中的命运

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摘要

Elemental mercury (Hg-0) has different behavior in the environment compared to other pollutants due to its unique properties. It can remain in the atmosphere for long periods of time and so can travel long distances. Through air-surface (e.g., vegetation or ocean) exchange (dry deposition), Hg-0 can enter terrestrial and aquatic systems where it can be converted into other Hg species. Despite being ubiquitous and playing a key role in Hg biogeochemical cycling, Hg-0 behavior in the environment is not well understood. The objective of this review is to provide a better understanding of how the unique physicochemical properties of Hg-0 affects its cycling and chemical transformations in different environmental compartments. The first part focuses on the fundamental chemistry of Hg-0, addressing why Hg-0 is liquid at room temperature and the formation of amalgam, Hg halide, and Hg chalcogenides. The following sections discuss the long-range transport of Hg-0 as well as its redistribution in the atmosphere, aquatic and terrestrial systems, in particular, on the sorption/desorption processes that occur in each environmental compartment as well as the involvement of Hg-0 in chemical transformation processes driven by photochemical, abiotic, and biotic reactions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：元素汞（Hg-0）具有独特的性质，因此与其他污染物相比在环境中具有不同的行为。它可以在大气中长期停留，因此可以长距离传播。通过空气表面（例如，植被或海洋）交换（干燥沉积），Hg-0可以进入陆地和水生系统，并在其中转化为其他Hg物种。尽管无处不在并且在汞生物地球化学循环中起着关键作用，但人们对环境中Hg-0的行为却知之甚少。这篇综述的目的是更好地了解Hg-0的独特理化性质如何影响其在不同环境区室中的循环和化学转化。第一部分着眼于Hg-0的基本化学原理，论述了为何Hg-0在室温下为液态以及汞齐，卤化汞和硫族硫化物的形成。以下各节讨论了Hg-0的远距离迁移及其在大气，水生和陆地系统中的重新分布，尤其是在每个环境隔室中发生的吸附/解吸过程以及Hg-在光化学，非生物和生物反应驱动的化学转化过程中为0。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Pollution》 |2017年第10期|69-86|共18页
  • 作者

    Gonzalez-Raymat Hansell; Liu Guangliang; Liriano Carolina; Li Yanbin; Yin Yongguang; Shi Jianbo; Jiang Guibin; Cai Yong;

  • 作者单位

    Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 11200 SW 8th ST, Miami, FL 33199 USA;

    Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 11200 SW 8th ST, Miami, FL 33199 USA|Jianghan Univ, Inst Environm & Hlth, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, Peoples R China;

    Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 11200 SW 8th ST, Miami, FL 33199 USA;

    Ocean Univ China, Key Lab Marine Chem Theory & Technol, Minist Educ, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China;

    Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 11200 SW 8th ST, Miami, FL 33199 USA|Jianghan Univ, Inst Environm & Hlth, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, Peoples R China|Florida Int Univ, Southeast Environm Res Ctr, 11200 SW 8th ST, Miami, FL 33199 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Elemental mercury; Unique properties; Biogeochemical cycling;

    机译：元素汞;独特性质;生物地球化学循环;

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