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Mercury and persistent organic pollutants in native and invading forage species of the Canadian Arctic: Consequences for food web dynamics

机译：加拿大北极原生和入侵草料中的汞和持久性有机污染物：食物网动态的后果

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摘要

Contaminant dynamics within Arctic marine food webs may be altered through the climate-driven northward invasions of temperate/boreal species. Here, we compare tissue concentrations of total mercury (THg) and legacy and emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in native versus invading forage species sampled from 2012 to 2014 near Arviat, Clyde River, and Resolute Bay, NU, representing, low, mid- and high eastern Canadian Arctic regions, respectively. Concentrations of THg, legacy Sigma-polychlorinated biphenyls (Sigma PCB) and Sigma-organochlorine (Sigma OC) pesticides were detected in all forage species, whereas emerging halogenated flame retardants were detected in only a few individuals. Concentrations of major contaminant groups among regions did not vary for Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), while for sculpin (Cottoidea) there was no clear latitudinal trend. Thus, considering interspecific variation, native sculpin and northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) had the highest overall concentrations of THg (0.17 +/- 0.02 and 0.21 +/- 0.01 mu g g(-1) wet weight, respectively), Sigma CB (322 +/- 35 and 245 +/- 25 ng g(-1) lipid weight (lw), respectively), and Sigma OC (413 +/- 38 and 734 +/- 64 ng g(-1) lw, respectively). Comparing the keystone native species, Arctic cod, to its 'replacement' species, capelin (Mallotus villosus) and sandlance (Ammodytes spp.), THg concentrations were higher in Arctic cod compared to capelin (p < 0.001), which was partly explained by differences in fish length. Conversely, capelin and sandlance had higher concentrations of most POPs than Arctic cod (p < 0.02). Neither feeding habitat (based on delta C-13), trophic position (based on delta N-15), nor fish length significantly explained these differences in POPs between Arctic cod, capelin and sandlance. Higher POPs concentrations, as well as variation in congener/compound patterns, in capelin and sandlance relative to Arctic cod seem, therefore, more likely related to a more "temperate"-type contaminant signature in the invaders. Nevertheless, the relatively small (up to twofold) magnitude of these differences suggested limited effects of these ecological changes on contaminant uptake by Arctic piscivores. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：北极海洋食物网中的污染物动态可能会因气候驱动的温带/北方物种向北入侵而改变。在这里，我们比较了从2012年至2014年在Arviat，Clyde River和NUsolute Bay附近进行采样的本地和入侵草料物种中总汞（THg）以及遗留和新兴持久性有机污染物（POPs）的组织浓度，分别表示低，中-和加拿大东部高北极地区。在所有草料中均检测到THg，传统的Sigma-多氯联苯（Sigma PCB）和Sigma-有机氯（Sigma OC）农药的浓度，而仅在少数个体中检测到新兴的卤化阻燃剂。北极鳕鱼（Boreogadus saida）的区域间主要污染物组的浓度没有变化，而杜鹃鱼（Cottoidea）的纬度没有明显的变化趋势。因此，考虑到种间差异，本地头皮虾和北部虾（北极虾）的总THg最高浓度（湿重分别为0.17 +/- 0.02和0.21 +/- 0.01 mu gg（-1）），Sigma CB（322 +/- 35和245 +/- 25 ng g（-1）脂质重量（lw））和Sigma OC（分别为413 +/- 38和734 +/- 64 ng g（-1）lw） 。将主要的原生物种北极鳕鱼与其“替代”物种，毛鳞鱼（Mallotus villosus）和沙矛鱼（Ammodytes spp。）进行比较，北极鳕鱼中的THg浓度高于毛鳞鱼（p <0.001），这在一定程度上可以解释为鱼长的差异。相反，毛鳞鱼和沙矛鱼的大多数持久性有机污染物的浓度高于北极鳕鱼（p <0.02）。喂养鳕鱼的栖息地（基于C-13三角洲），营养位置（基于N-15三角洲）或鱼类长度均不能解释北极鳕鱼，毛鳞鱼和沙矛鱼之间的持久性有机污染物差异。因此，毛鳞鱼和沙矛鱼相对于北极鳕鱼而言，较高的持久性有机污染物浓度以及同族/化合物模式的变化似乎更可能与入侵者中更“温带”型的污染物有关。然而，这些差异相对较小（最多两倍）表明，这些生态变化对北极食食动物吸收污染物的作用有限。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Pollution》 |2017年第10期|229-240|共12页
  • 作者

    Pedro Sara; Fisk Aaron T.; Tomy Gregg T.; Ferguson Steven H.; Hussey Nigel E.; Kessel Steven T.; McKinney Melissa A.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Wildlife & Fisheries Conservat Ctr, Storrs, CT 06269 USA|Univ Connecticut, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA;

    Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada;

    Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;

    Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada;

    Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada;

    Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada;

    Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Wildlife & Fisheries Conservat Ctr, Storrs, CT 06269 USA|Univ Connecticut, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Arctic; Climate change; Organic contaminants; Invasion; Mercury;

    机译：北极;气候变化;有机污染物;入侵;汞;

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