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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Prenatal exposure to PM_(2.5) and NO_2 and sex-dependent infant cognitive and motor development
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Prenatal exposure to PM_(2.5) and NO_2 and sex-dependent infant cognitive and motor development

机译：产前暴露于PM_（2.5）和NO_2以及性别依赖性的婴儿认知和运动发育

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摘要

Background. Prenatal exposure to air pollutants including particulate matter ( 2.5 mu m of diameter,PM2.5)and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been identified as a potential risk factor for neuropsychological developmental and mental health disorders.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the associations between prenatal PM2.5 and NO2 exposure and cognitive functions in children at 4-6 years of age, including sex differences, and the modification effect of the duration predominant breastfeeding these associations.Design: This study was conducted as part of the INMA project, a population-based birth cohort study in Spain (n = 1119). Each of the pregnant mothers was assigned a prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 for their whole pregnancy based on their place of residence. At the 4-6 year-old follow-up, infants' neuropsychological development was assessed using McCarthy scales: Verbal, Perceptive-Manipulative, Numeric, General Cognitive, Memory and Motor (gross and fine). Between 6 and 14 months of age, information concerning breastfeeding was gathered with a questionnaire. Regression analyses were performed to estimate the associations between exposure and outcomes, accounting for potential confounders. The analyses were stratified by child sex and breastfeeding duration.Results: The majority of coefficients for the different cognitive domains were negative either for PM2.5 and NO2, though none was statistically significant. After stratifying by sex, the associations become even more negative for boys, with some of the associations becoming statistically significant (memory both for PM2.5 and NO2), and global cognition and verbal for NO2. Duration of predominant breastfeeding was not found to have a modifying effect.Conclusions: These findings suggest a sex-dependent effects on neuropsychological development at 4-6 years of age, with a greater vulnerability in boys, specifically in domains related to memory, verbal and general cognition. No modifying effect was observed for duration of predominant breastfeeding.
机译：背景。产前暴露于包括颗粒物（直径小于2.5微米，PM2.5）和二氧化氮（NO2）在内的空气污染物中，已被确定为神经心理发育和精神健康障碍的潜在危险因素。出生前PM2.5和NO2暴露与4-6岁儿童的认知功能之间的关联，包括性别差异，以及主要母乳喂养持续时间对这些关联的调节作用。设计：本研究是INMA项目的一部分，是西班牙一项基于人口的出生队列研究（n = 1119）。根据其居住地，每个孕妇在整个怀孕期间都被分配了产前暴露于PM2.5和NO2的暴露。在4-6岁的随访中，使用麦卡锡（McCarthy）量表评估婴儿的神经心理发育：言语，感知-操纵，数字，一般认知，记忆和运动（毛重和精细）。在6到14个月大之间，通过问卷调查收集了有关母乳喂养的信息。进行回归分析以估计暴露与结果之间的关联，并考虑潜在的混杂因素。结果：虽然PM2.5和NO2在不同认知领域的大多数系数均为负值，但无统计学意义。在按性别分层之后，对男孩的联想变得更加消极，其中一些联想在统计学上具有显着意义（对于PM2.5和NO2均具有记忆），对NO2的整体认知和口头表达。结论：这些发现表明在4-6岁时对性别的影响取决于神经心理学的发展，男孩的脆弱性更大，特别是在与记忆，言语和行为有关的领域。一般认知。在主要的母乳喂养期间未观察到任何改善作用。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2019年第7期|114-121|共8页
  • 作者

    Lertxundi Aitana; Andiarena Ainara; Dolores Martinez Maria; Ayerdi Mikel; Murcia Mario; Estarlich Marisa; Guxens Monica; Sunyer Jordi; Julvez Jordi; Ibarluzea Jesus;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Leioa 48940, Spain|Biodonostia Hlth Inst Res, San Sebastian 20014, Basque Country, Spain|Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain;

    Biodonostia Hlth Inst Res, San Sebastian 20014, Basque Country, Spain|Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Sch Psychol, San Sebastian 20080, Spain;

    Biodonostia Hlth Inst Res, San Sebastian 20014, Basque Country, Spain|Basque Govt, Environm & Reg Planning Dept, Vitoria 01010, Spain;

    Biodonostia Hlth Inst Res, San Sebastian 20014, Basque Country, Spain|BasqueGovernment, Subdirectorate Publ Hlth Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian 20013, Spain;

    Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain|FISABIO Univ Jaume I Univ Valencia, Epidemiol & Environm Hlth Joint Res Unit, Valencia 46020, Spain;

    Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain|FISABIO Univ Jaume I Univ Valencia, Epidemiol & Environm Hlth Joint Res Unit, Valencia 46020, Spain;

    Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain|ISGlobal, Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain|Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Sophia Childrens Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychol, NL-3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands|Pompeu Fabra Univ, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain;

    Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain|ISGlobal, Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain|Pompeu Fabra Univ, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain|Hosp Mar, Res Inst IMIM, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain;

    Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain|ISGlobal, Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain|Pompeu Fabra Univ, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain|Hosp Mar, Res Inst IMIM, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain;

    Biodonostia Hlth Inst Res, San Sebastian 20014, Basque Country, Spain|Inst Salud Carlos III, Spanish Consortium Res & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain|Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Sch Psychol, San Sebastian 20080, Spain|BasqueGovernment, Subdirectorate Publ Hlth Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian 20013, Spain;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Air pollutants; PM2.5; NO2; Cognitive functions; Neurodevelopment; Breastfeeding; Children; Sex differences; Air pollution; Neuropsychological developmental; Gender;

    机译：空气污染物;PM2.5;NO2;认知功能;神经发育;母乳喂养;儿童;性别差异;空气污染;神经心理学发育;性别;

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