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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Do stressful life events during pregnancy modify associations between phthalates and anogenital distance in newborns?
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Do stressful life events during pregnancy modify associations between phthalates and anogenital distance in newborns?

机译：怀孕期间压力大的生活事件会改变新生儿邻苯二甲酸盐和生殖器距离之间的关联吗？

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Anogenital distance (AGD) has been used as a marker of fetal androgen action to identify endocrine disrupting chemicals. A US study (TIDES) has reported that the association between some phthalates and reduced AGD in males was only apparent in sons of mothers reporting no stressful life events (SLEs) during pregnancy. The objective of the current study was to examine the potential modifying effect of SLEs and their subjective impact on associations between prenatal phthalates and AGD. First trimester urines from the MIREC Study were analysed for phthalate metabolites and AGD was measured in neonates. Post-delivery, the women answered questions on SLEs during the pregnancy. Women reporting 1 or more SLEs during pregnancy were considered a "higher stressor" group, whereas women reporting no SLEs or who reported a SLE that was perceived as not at all stressful were considered a "lower stressor" group. Multivariable linear regression models were fit stratified by stressor group.Maternal stressor, AGD and phthalates results were available for 153 females and 147 males. A summary measure of androgen-disrupting phthalates (Sigma AD) was associated with significantly longer AGDs in females from the higher stressor group. These effect sizes were increased when the perceived impact was restricted to moderately or very much stressful. In males, all phthalates were associated with longer anopenile distance (APD), regardless of stressor group; however, higher Sigma AD was associated with significantly longer APD in the lower stressor group. In contrast to the TIDES study, we did not observe shorter AGDs in male infants prenatally exposed to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalates, regardless of maternal stressor level.In conclusion, we were unable to replicate the findings of the TIDES study, but did find some evidence that prenatal SLEs may modify associations between phthalates and female AGD. Further research with other populations and measures of prenatal stress may shed more light on whether prenatal stress is an important effect modifier of associations between phthalates (or other chemicals) and anogenital distance.
机译：肛门生殖器距离（AGD）已被用作胎儿雄激素作用的标志物，以识别破坏内分泌的化学物质。美国的一项研究（TIDES）报告说，男性中某些邻苯二甲酸酯与AGD降低之间的关联仅在母亲的儿子中表现出来，而母亲的儿子在怀孕期间没有应激性生活事件（SLE）。本研究的目的是研究SLE的潜在修饰作用及其对产前邻苯二甲酸酯与AGD之间关联的主观影响。分析了来自MIREC研究的孕早期尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物，并测量了新生儿的AGD。分娩后，这些妇女在怀孕期间回答了有关SLE的问题。在怀孕期间报告1个或更多SLE的妇女被认为是“较高压力”组，而未报告SLE或报告被认为完全没有压力的SLE的妇女被认为是“较低压力”组。多元线性回归模型适用于应激源组。母体应激源，AGD和邻苯二甲酸盐的结果适用于153名女性和147名男性。雄激素干扰性邻苯二甲酸酯（Sigma AD）的简易措施与较高应激源组女性的AGD明显更长有关。当感觉到的影响被限制在中等或很大压力时，这些效果的大小会增加。在男性中，无论应激源组如何，所有邻苯二甲酸盐均与更长的未开张距离（APD）相关。然而，较低应激源组中较高的Sigma AD与更长的APD相关。与TIDES研究相反，我们没有观察到产前暴露于邻苯二甲酸二-（2-乙基己基）酯的男性婴儿的AGD较短，无论母亲的应激源水平如何。总而言之，我们无法复制TIDES研究的结果，但是确实发现了一些证据，表明产前SLE可能会改变邻苯二甲酸酯与女性AGD之间的关联。与其他人群的进一步研究和产前压力的测量方法可能会进一步揭示产前压力是否是邻苯二甲酸酯（或其他化学物质）与生殖器距离之间联系的重要影响调节剂。

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