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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Blood cadmium levels and sources of exposure in an adult urban population in southern Brazil
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Blood cadmium levels and sources of exposure in an adult urban population in southern Brazil

机译：巴西南部成人城市人口血液镉水平和暴露源

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摘要

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that is widely present in the environment due to geologic and anthropogenic sources. Exposures to high Cd levels may cause nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, pulmonary and cardiovascular disease, among others. The goal of this study was to investigate in an adult urban population whether an association exists between sources and levels of Cd exposure and blood Cd concentrations. Methods: Using a census-based design, a total of 959 adults, aged 40 years or older, were randomly selected. Information on socio-demographics, dietary, and lifestyle background was obtained by household interviews. Blood Cd levels were measured by inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry. Geometric means (GM) (95% CI) and the 50th percentile were determined, stratified by sex, age, race, education, income class, smoking status, consumption of vegetables, red meat and milk, occupation and blood pressure. To assess the association between Cd exposure and the aforementioned variables, we estimated the geometric mean ratio (GMR) (95%CI) of blood Cd concentrations. Results and conclusion: The geometric mean (95%CI) of blood Cd levels in the total population was 0.25 (0.22, 0.27) ug/dL. In a univariate analysis, significantly higher blood Cd levels were found in men (p ＜ 0.001), current and former smokers (p ＜ 0.001), alcohol drinkers (p ＜ 0.001), those who never or almost never consumed milk (p ＜ 0.001), and in subjects with higher diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.03). Significant correlations were found between the number of cigarettes consumed daily and blood Cd levels. Multivariate analysis confirmed higher blood Cd concentrations were associated with alcohol consumption (GMR 95%CI = 1.28, 1.04-1.59) and in former and current smokers (GMR 95% IC = 1.33, 1.06-1.67 and 4.23, 3.24-5.52, respectively). Our results shed novel information on variables associated with blood Cd levels in an urban Brazilian population, and should encourage additional research to prevent environmental Cd exposure, both in Brazil and globally.
机译：背景：镉（CD）是一种毒性金属，由于地质和人为来源而广泛存在于环境中。暴露于高CD水平可能导致肾毒性，致癌性，肺和心血管疾病等。本研究的目标是调查成人城市人口，无论是否存在CD暴露和血液CD浓度之间存在关联。方法：采用基于人口普查的设计，随机选择共有959岁的成年人，年龄40岁或以上。有关社会人口统计学，膳食和生活方式背景的信息由家庭访谈获得。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量血液CD水平。几何手段（GM）（95％CI）和第50百分位数确定，按性别，年龄，种族，教育，收入类，吸烟状态，蔬菜消费，红肉和牛奶，占用和血压分层。为了评估CD暴露和上述变量之间的关联，我们估计了血CD浓度的几何平均比（GMR）（95％CI）。结果与结论：总人口血液CD水平的几何平均值（95％CI）为0.25（0.22,0.27）UG / DL。在单变量分析中，男性（P <0.001），当前和前吸烟者（P <0.001），酒精饮用者（P <0.001），那些从未消耗或几乎从未消耗牛奶的人（P <0.001） ），并且在舒张压血压较高的受试者（P = 0.03）。在每日消耗的卷烟数量和血液CD水平之间的数量之间发现了显着的相关性。多变量分析证实了更高的血液CD浓度与醇消耗（GMR 95％CI = 1.28,1.04-1.59）和前者和当前吸烟者（PMR 95％IC = 1.33,1.06-1.67和4.23,3.24-5.52）有关。我们的成果对城市巴西人口中血CD水平有关的新信息，并应鼓励额外的研究，以防止巴西和全球环境CD暴露。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2020年第8期|109618.1-109618.8|共8页
  • 作者

    Airton C. Martins; Mariana R. Urbano; Ana Carolina B. Almeida Lopes; Maria de Fatima H. Carvalho; Marcia L. Buzzo; Anca O. Docea; Arthur E. Mesas; Michael Aschner; Ana Maria R. Silva; Ellen K. Silbergeld; Monica M.B. Paoliello;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of Medicine 1300 Morris Park Avenue 10461 Bronx NY USA;

    Department of Statistics State University of Londrina Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Km 380 So Campus Universitario 86057-970 Londrina PR Brazil;

    Graduate Program in Public Health Center of Health Sciences State University of Londrina 60 Robert Koch Avenue 86038-350 Londrina PR Brazil;

    Inorganic Contaminants Department Adolfo Lutz Institute Sao Paulo Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 355 01246-000 Sao Paulo SP Brazil;

    Inorganic Contaminants Department Adolfo Lutz Institute Sao Paulo Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 355 01246-000 Sao Paulo SP Brazil;

    Department of Toxicology University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova 200349 Craiova Romania;

    Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Facultad de Enfermeria Edificio Melchor Cano Campus Universitario de Cuenca Camino de Pozuelo S 16071 Cuenca Spain;

    Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of Medicine 1300 Morris Park Avenue 10461 Bronx NY USA I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University) Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St. 19-1 119146 Moscow Russia;

    Graduate Program in Public Health Center of Health Sciences State University of Londrina 60 Robert Koch Avenue 86038-350 Londrina PR Brazil;

    Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health 615 N Wolfe St 21205 Baltimore MD USA;

    Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of Medicine 1300 Morris Park Avenue 10461 Bronx NY USA Graduate Program in Public Health Center of Health Sciences State University of Londrina 60 Robert Koch Avenue 86038-350 Londrina PR Brazil;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Blood cadmium; Adults; General population;

    机译：血镉;成年人;总人口;

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