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The impact of COVID-19 on air quality levels in Portugal: A way to assess traffic contribution

机译：Covid-19对葡萄牙空气质量水平的影响：评估交通贡献的方式

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摘要

The pandemic caused by coronavirus COVID-19 is having a worldwide impact that affects health, the economy and indirectly affects the air pollution in cities. In Portugal, the number of cases increased continually (32700 confirmed cases as of May 31, 2020), which has affected the health system and caused movement restrictions which in turn affects the air pollution in the country. This article analyses the indirect effect produced by this pandemic on air pollution in Portugal, by comparison of data from a period of movement restriction of the citizens by the government - COVID lockdown period (March-May 2020) with data from baseline conditions (mean of the mirrored periods from the five previous years (March-May from 2015 to 2019)). Air quality data -in particular NO_2 and PM_(10) hourly concentration - from more than 20 monitoring stations spread over mainland Portugal was used to perform this evaluation. The mean reduction observed on pollutant concentrations was higher for NO_2 (41%) than for PM_(10) (18%). For NO_2, mean reductions were more significant in traffic (reaching values higher than 60% in some monitoring stations) and background urban sites than in rural stations. The reduction of NO_2 concentration observed in traffic sites were compared to the estimation of traffic contribution by the incremental method, suggesting that this latter approach is not consistent (lower in same sites and higher in others) and alerting to the careful use of this approach in future works.
机译：Coronavirus Covid-19引起的大流行是影响健康，经济和间接影响城市空气污染的全世界的影响。在葡萄牙，案件的数量不断增加（截至5月31日，2020年5月32700日），影响了卫生系统并导致运动限制，这反过来反过来影响该国的空气污染。本文分析了这种大流行病在葡萄牙的空气污染产生的间接效应，通过从政府 - Covid锁定期（3月2020年3月2020年）与基线条件的数据（意思是前五年（2015年至2019年3月至2019年3月）的镜像期）。空气质量数据 - 特别是NO_2和PM_（10）小时集中 - 从20多个监测站遍布大陆葡萄牙，用于执行此评估。在污染物浓度上观察到的平均减少较高（41％）比PM_（10）（18％）更高。对于NO_2，流量的平均减少更加显着（在某些监测站的60％达到60％）和背景城市地点而不是农村站点。将交通站点中观察到的NO_2浓度的减少与增量方法估计交通贡献，表明后一种方法并不一致（在同一地点和其他地点下降）并提醒仔细使用这种方法未来的作品。

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