• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Excess Lead-210 and Plutonium-239 + 240: Two suitable radiogenic soil erosion tracers for mountain grassland sites
【24h】

Excess Lead-210 and Plutonium-239 + 240: Two suitable radiogenic soil erosion tracers for mountain grassland sites

机译：过量的铅210和P 239 + 240：两种适用于山区草地的放射性土壤侵蚀示踪剂

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The expected growing population and challenges associated with globalisation will increase local food and feed demands and enhance the pressure on local and regional upland soil resources. In light of these potential future developments it is necessary to define sustainable land use and tolerable soil loss rates with methods applicable and adapted to mountainous areas. Fallout-radionuclides (FRNs) are proven techniques to increase our knowledge about the status and resilience of agro-ecosystems. However, the use of the Caesium-137 (~(137)Cs) method is complicated in the European Alps due to its heterogeneous input and the timing of the Chernobyl fallout, which occurred during a few single rain events on partly snow covered ground. Other radioisotopic techniques have been proposed to overcome these limitations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of excess Lead-210 (~(210)Pb_(ex)) and Plutonium-239 + 240 (~(239+240)pu) as soil erosion tracers for three different grassland management types at the steep slopes (slope angles between 35 and 38°) located in the Central Swiss Alps. All three FRNs identified pastures as having the highest mean ( ± standard deviation) net soil loss of -6.7 ± 1.1, -9.8 ± 6.8 and -7.0 ± 5.2 Mg ha~(-1) yr~(-1) for ~(137)Cs, ~(210)Pb_(ex) and ~(239+240)Pu, respectively. A mean soil loss of -5.7 ± 1.5, -5.2 ± 1.5 and-5.6 ± 2.1 was assessed for hayfields and the lowest rates were established for pastures with dwarf-shrubs (-5.2 ± 2.5, -4.5 ± 2.5 and -3.3 ± 2.4 Mg ha~(-1) yr~(-1) for ~(137)Cs, ~(210)Pb_(ex) and ~(239+240)Pu, respectively). These rates, evaluated at sites with an elevated soil erosion risk exceed the respective soil production rates. Among the three FRN methods used, ~(239+240)pu appears as the most promising tracer in terms of measurement uncertainty and reduced small scale variability (CV of 13%). Despite a higher level of uncertainty, ~(210)Pb_(ex) produced comparable results, with a wide range of erosion rates sensitive to changes in grassland management. ~(210)Pb_(ex) can then be as well considered as a suitable soil tracer to investigate alpine agroecosystems.
机译：预期的人口增长和全球化带来的挑战将增加当地对粮食和饲料的需求，并增加对当地和区域高地土壤资源的压力。鉴于这些潜在的未来发展，有必要使用适用于山区的方法来定义可持续的土地利用和可容忍的土壤流失率。辐射放射性核素（FRN）是经过验证的技术，可以提高我们对农业生态系统的状态和适应性的了解。但是，由于铯137（〜（137）Cs）的输入不均一，并且切尔诺贝利事故的发生时间是在部分积雪地面上的几次降雨事件中发生的，因此在欧洲阿尔卑斯山中使用Caesium-137（〜（137）Cs）方法非常复杂。已经提出了其他放射性同位素技术来克服这些限制。这项研究的目的是评估过量的铅210（〜（210）Pb_（ex））和P 239 + 240（〜（239 + 240）pu）作为三种不同草地管理类型的土壤侵蚀示踪剂的适用性位于瑞士中部阿尔卑斯山的陡坡上（倾斜角度在35至38°之间）。这三个FRN均将牧场确定为〜（137）的平均土壤净损失最高（±标准偏差）-6.7±1.1，-9.8±6.8和-7.0±5.2 Mg ha〜（-1）yr〜（-1） Cs，〜（210）Pb_（ex）和〜（239 + 240）Pu。干草地的平均土壤流失量为-5.7±1.5，-5.2±1.5和-5.6±2.1，对于矮灌木丛的牧场，其平均失水率最低（-5.2±2.5，-4.5±2.5和-3.3±2.4 Mg ha〜（-1）yr〜（-1）分别对应〜（137）Cs，〜（210）Pb_（ex）和〜（239 + 240）Pu）。在土壤侵蚀风险较高的地点评估的这些比率超过了各自的土壤生产率。在使用的三种FRN方法中，就测量不确定度和减小的小规模可变性（CV为13％）而言，〜（239 + 240）pu似乎是最有希望的示踪剂。尽管不确定性水平较高，但〜（210）Pb_（ex）产生了可比的结果，其侵蚀速率范围对草地管理的变化敏感。因此，〜（210）Pb_（ex）也可以被视为研究高山农业生态系统的合适土壤示踪剂。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2018年第1期|195-202|共8页
  • 作者

    K. Meusburger; P. Porto; L. Mabit; C. La Spada; L. Arata; C. Alewell;

  • 作者单位

    Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, Bemoullistrasse 30, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland;

    Dipartimento di AGRAR1A, Universita degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Italy;

    Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory, FAO/IAEA Agriculture & Biotechnology Laboratory, IAEA Laboratories Seibersdorf, Seibersdorf, Austria;

    Dipartimento di AGRAR1A, Universita degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Italy;

    Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, Bemoullistrasse 30, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland;

    Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, Bemoullistrasse 30, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    ~(210)Pb_(ex); ~(239+240)Pu; ~(137)Cs; Fallout radionuclide; Chernobyl; Soil erosion; Land use change;

    机译：〜（210）Pb_（ex）;〜（239 + 240）Pu;〜（137）碳;放射性核素;切尔诺贝利水土流失;土地用途变更;

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号