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Estimating the health benefits of planned public transit investments in Montreal

机译:估计蒙特利尔计划中的公共交通投资对健康的好处

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摘要

Background: Since public transit infrastructure affects road traffic volumes and influences transportation mode choice, which in turn impacts health, it is important to estimate the alteration of the health burden linked with transit policies. Objective: We quantified the variation in health benefits and burden between a business as usual (BAU) and a public transit (PT) scenarios in 2031 (with 8 and 19 new subway and train stations) for the greater Montreal region. Method: Using mode choice and traffic assignment models, we predicted the transportation mode choice and traffic assignment on the road network. Subsequently, we estimated the distance travelled in each municipality by mode, the minutes spent in active transportation, as well as traffic emissions. Thereafter we estimated the health burden attributed to air pollution and road traumas and the gains associated with active transportation for both the BAU and PT scenarios. Results: We predicted a slight decrease of overall trips and kilometers travelled by car as well as an increase of active transportation for the PT in 2031 vs the BAU. Our analysis shows that new infrastructure will reduce the overall burden of transportation by 2.5 DALYs per 100,000 persons. This decrease is caused by the reduction of road traumas occurring in the inner suburbs and central Montreal region as well as gains in active transportation in the inner suburbs. Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, transportation planned public transit projects for Montreal are unlikely to reduce drastically the burden of disease attributable to road vehicles and infrastructures in the Montreal region. The impact of the planned transportation infrastructures seems to be very low and localized mainly in the areas where new public transit stations are planned.
机译:背景:由于公共交通基础设施会影响道路交通量并影响交通方式的选择,进而影响健康,因此重要的是估算与交通政策相关的健康负担的变化。目标:我们量化了大蒙特利尔地区2031年一切照旧(BAU)和公共交通(PT)方案(拥有8个和19个新的地铁和火车站)的健康益处和负担之间的差异。方法:使用模式选择和交通分配模型,我们预测了道路网络上的交通模式选择和交通分配。随后,我们按模式估算了每个城市的行进距离,活跃交通所花费的分钟数以及交通排放量。此后,我们针对BAU和PT情景估计了归因于空气污染和道路创伤的健康负担以及与主动运输相关的收益。结果:我们预测,与BAU相比,PT在2031年的总体出行时间和驾车行驶的公里数将略有减少,而主动交通的增加。我们的分析表明,新的基础设施将使每十万人减少2.5个DALYs的总体运输负担。减少的原因是减少了内郊区和蒙特利尔中部地区发生的道路创伤以及内郊区积极交通的增加。结论:根据我们的研究结果,蒙特利尔的交通运输计划的公共交通项目不太可能大幅度减轻蒙特利尔地区道路车辆和基础设施引起的疾病负担。计划中的交通基础设施的影响似乎很小,并且主要集中在计划新建公共交通站点的地区。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2018年第1期|412-419|共8页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, school of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering University of Central Florida, FL, USA;

    Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;

    Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of social and preventive medicine, school of Public Health, University of Montreal Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Departement des genies civil, giologique et des mines, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal Quebec, Canada;

    Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal Quebec, Canada;

    Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;

    Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering University of Central Florida, FL, USA;

    Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal Quebec, Canada;

    Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of social and preventive medicine, school of Public Health, University of Montreal Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Montreal's Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Department of social and preventive medicine, school of Public Health, University of Montreal Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, school of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Institut national de sante publique du Quebec, Montreal Quebec, Canada;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Health impact assessment; Transportation; Burden; Air pollution; Road traumas; Active transportation;

    机译:健康影响评估;运输;负担;空气污染;道路创伤;主动运输;

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