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Combined effects of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and material hardship on child ADHD behavior problems

机译:产前暴露于多环芳烃和物质困难对儿童多动症行为问题的综合影响

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摘要

Importance: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are carcinogenic and neurotoxic combustion by-products commonly found in urban air. Exposure to PAH is disproportionately high in low income communities of color who also experience chronic economic stress. Objective: In a prospective cohort study in New York City (NYC) we previously found a significant association between prenatal PAH exposure and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) behavior problems at age 9. Here, we have evaluated the joint effects of prenatal exposure to PAH and prenatal/childhood material hardship on ADHD behavior problems. Materials and Methods: We enrolled nonsmoking African-American and Dominican pregnant women in New York City between 1998 and 2006 and followed their children through 9 years of age. As a biomarker of prenatal PAH exposure, PAH-DNA adducts were measured in maternal blood at delivery and were dichotomized at the limit of detection (to indicate high vs. low exposure). Maternal material hardship (lack of adequate food, housing, utilities, and clothing) was self-reported prenatally and at multiple time points through child age 9. Latent variable analysis identified four distinct patterns of hardship. ADHD behavior problems were assessed using the Conners Parent Rating Scale- Revised. Analyses adjusted for relevant covariates. Results: Among 351 children in our sample, across all hardship groups, children with high prenatal PAH exposure (high adducts) generally had more symptoms of ADHD (higher scores) compared to those with low PAH exposure. The greatest difference was seen among the children with hardship persisting from pregnancy through childhood. Although the interactions between high PAH exposure and hardship experienced at either period ("persistent" hardship or "any" hardship) were not significant, we observed significant differences in the number of ADHD symptoms between children with high prenatal PAH exposure and either persistent hardship or any hardship compared to the others. These differences were most significant for combined high PAH and persistent hardship: ADHD Index (p < 0.008), DSM-rV Inattentive (p = 0.006), DSM-IV Hyperactive Impulsive problems (p = 0.033), and DSM-IV Index Total (p = 0.009). Conclusion: The present findings add to existing evidence that co-exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage and air pollution in early life significantly increases the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. They suggest the need for multifaceted interventions to protect pregnant mothers and their children.
机译:重要性:多环芳烃(PAH)是城市空气中常见的致癌和神经毒性燃烧副产物。在同样经历长期经济压力的低收入有色社区中,PAH的暴露比例过高。目的:在纽约市(NYC)进行的一项前瞻性队列研究中,我们先前发现了9岁时产前PAH暴露与注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)行为问题之间的显着相关性。 PAH和产前/儿童期对ADHD行为问题的物质困难。材料和方法:1998年至2006年,我们在纽约市招收了非吸烟的非洲裔美国人和多米尼加孕妇,并追踪他们的孩子直至9岁。作为产前PAH暴露的生物标记,在分娩时在母体血液中测量PAH-DNA加合物,并在检测极限时将其二分(表明高暴露与低暴露)。产前和在儿童9岁以下的多个时间点都自我报告了母亲的物质困难(缺乏足够的食物,住房,水电和衣服),潜变量分析确定了四种不同的困难模式。使用修订后的Conners父母评分量表评估了ADHD行为问题。校正相关协变量的分析。结果:在我们的样本中的351名儿童中,在所有困难组中,与低PAH暴露的儿童相比,高产前PAH暴露(高加合物)的儿童通常具有更多的ADHD症状(较高分数)。在从怀孕到童年持续存在的困难儿童中,差异最大。尽管在任何一个时期经历高PAH暴露与困难之间的相互作用(“持续”困难或“任何”困难)之间均不显着,但我们观察到在高产前PAH暴露与持续困难或长期困难的儿童之间,ADHD症状的数量存在显着差异。与其他人相比,任何困难。这些差异对于高PAH和持续困难的综合影响最为明显:ADHD指数(p <0.008),DSM-rV注意力不集中(p = 0.006),DSM-IV过度冲动性冲动问题(p = 0.033)和DSM-IV指数总计( p = 0.009)。结论:本研究结果增加了现有证据,即在生命早期共同暴露于社会经济劣势和空气污染会显着增加不良神经发育结局的风险。他们建议需要采取多方面的干预措施来保护怀孕的母亲及其子女。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2018年第1期|506-513|共8页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,The Heilbrunn Center for Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 60 Haven Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and the Center for Developmental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, the New York State Psychiatric Institute and the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Division of Pubnonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA;

    Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA,Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Air pollution; PAH; ADHD; Prenatal; Adducts; Material hardship;

    机译:空气污染;PAH;多动症;产前加合物;物质困难;

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