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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Systematic review of biological effects of exposure to static electric fields. Part II: Invertebrates and plants
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Systematic review of biological effects of exposure to static electric fields. Part II: Invertebrates and plants

机译：对暴露于静电场的生物效应的系统评价。第二部分：无脊椎动物和植物

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Background: The construction of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines for the long-distance transport of energy is becoming increasingly popular. This has raised public concern about potential environmental impacts of the static electric fields (EF) produced under and near HVDC power lines. As the second part of a comprehensive literature analysis, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of static EF exposure on biological functions in invertebrates and plants and to provide the basis for an environmental impact assessment of such exposures. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used to guide the methodological conduct and reporting. Results: Thirty-three studies - 14 invertebrate and 19 plant studies - met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. The reported behavioral responses of insects and planarians upon exposure strongly suggest that invertebrates are able to perceive the presence of a static EF. Many other studies reported effects on physiological functions that were expressed as, for example, altered metabolic activity or delayed reproductive and developmental stages in invertebrates. In plants, leaf damage, alterations in germination rates, growth and yield, or variations in the concentration of essential elements, for example, have been reported. However, these physiological responses and changes in plant morphology appear to be secondary to surface stimulation by the static EF or caused by concomitant parameters of the electrostatic environment. Furthermore, all of the included studies suffered from methodological flaws, which lowered credibility in the results. Conclusion: At field levels encountered from natural sources or HVDC lines (< 35 kV/m), the available data provide reliable evidence that static EF can trigger behavioral responses in invertebrates, but they do not provide evidence for adverse effects of static EF on other biological functions in invertebrates and plants. At far higher field levels (> 35 kV/m), adverse effects on physiology and morphology, presumably caused by corona-action, appear to be more likely. Higher quality studies are needed to unravel the role of air ions, ozone, nitric oxide and corona current on alterations in physiological functions and morphology.
机译：背景：用于长距离传输能量的高压直流（HVDC）线路的建设变得越来越普遍。这引起了公众对HVDC电源线下方和附近产生的静电场（EF）的潜在环境影响的关注。作为全面文献分析的第二部分，此系统综述的目的是评估静态EF暴露对无脊椎动物和植物中生物学功能的影响，并为此类暴露的环境影响评估提供基础。方法：系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）用于指导方法学行为和报告。结果：33项研究-14项无脊椎动物和19项植物研究-符合资格标准，并纳入本评价。所报道的昆虫和涡虫在暴露时的行为反应强烈表明，无脊椎动物能够感知到静态EF的存在。许多其他研究报告了对生理功能的影响，这些影响表现为例如无脊椎动物的代谢活性改变或生殖和发育阶段延迟。例如，在植物中，已经报道了叶片受损，发芽率变化，生长和产量变化或必需元素浓度变化。但是，这些生理反应和植物形态的变化似乎是静电EF对表面刺激的继发作用，或者是静电环境的伴随参数引起的。此外，所有纳入的研究均存在方法论缺陷，从而降低了结果的可信度。结论：在自然来源或高压直流输电线路（<35 kV / m）遇到的现场水平下，可用数据提供了可靠的证据，证明静态EF可以触发无脊椎动物的行为反应，但它们并没有提供证据证明静态EF对其他无脊椎动物的不利影响无脊椎动物和植物的生物学功能。在更高的电场水平（> 35 kV / m）下，似乎更可能是由电晕作用引起的对生理和形态的不利影响。需要更高质量的研究来阐明空气离子，臭氧，一氧化氮和电晕电流在生理功能和形态变化中的作用。

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