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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Asthma prevalence and school-related hazardous air pollutants in the US- Mexico border area
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Asthma prevalence and school-related hazardous air pollutants in the US- Mexico border area

机译：美墨边境地区的哮喘流行率和与学校相关的有害空气污染物

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摘要

BackgroundAsthma is the most common chronic disease in children and has been linked to high levels of ambient air pollution and certain hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Outdoor pollutants such as benzene, released by car emissions, and organic chemicals found in diesel exhaust, as well as particles and irritant gases, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3), contribute to an increased prevalence of respiratory diseases such as asthma.nObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to: 1) conduct a screening survey to identify high risk for asthma among school-age children in Hidalgo County, and, 2) study the potential health impact of school-related exposure to HAPs pertaining to asthma risk.nMethodsWe carried out a quantitative cross-sectional study combining a school-based asthma screening survey across 198 schools in Hidalgo County, Texas, with information on school neighborhood environments, including census tract-level information on hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and socioeconomic status (SES) in the respective school neighborhoods. HAPs levels were assessed based on the EPA 2011 National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) while SES information was assessed using data from the 2010–2014 American Community Survey.nResults2930 students completed the asthma screening survey and results showed an overall asthma prevalence of 9.4%, slightly higher than the national and state prevalence. Participants in the 14–18 years old age group showed a much higher asthma prevalence of 16.7%. When assessing school-neighborhood characteristics, our results revealed no significant differences in asthma prevalence across census tracts with different SES levels. For HAPs, in the single-pollutant model, chlorine levels showed a significant linear trend for prevalence of asthma (p=0.03) while hydrochloric acid had a marginally significant linear trend (p=0.08). The association with chlorine remained significant in the multi-pollutant model.nConclusionsAsthma prevalence among school-age children in Hidalgo County, Texas, is 9.4%, which is slightly higher than the state rate, especially among young adults, ages 14–18 years who had an asthma rate of 16.7%. Results support an association between exposures to school-neighborhood HAPs and risk for pediatric asthma, especially as related to chlorine. No significant effects of school-level SES on asthma risk were observed.
机译：背景哮喘是儿童中最常见的慢性疾病，与高水平的环境空气污染和某些有害的空气污染物（HAP）有关。汽车排放的室外污染物（例如苯）和柴油机废气中发现的有机化学物质以及包括二氧化氮（NO2），二氧化硫（SO2）和臭氧（O3）在内的颗粒和刺激性气体目的本研究的目的是：1）进行筛查，以识别伊达尔戈县学龄儿童哮喘的高风险，以及2）研究与学校相关的潜在健康影响n方法我们结合德克萨斯州伊达尔戈县198所学校的校本哮喘筛查调查与学校邻里环境信息（包括关于有害空气的普查道信息）进行了定量横断面研究各学区的污染物（HAP）和社会经济地位（SES）。 HAPs水平是根据EPA 2011年国家空气毒理学评估（NATA）进行评估的，而SES信息是使用2010-2014年美国社区调查的数据进行评估的。n结果2930名学生完成了哮喘筛查，结果显示，总体哮喘患病率为9.4 ％，略高于全国和州的患病率。 14-18岁年龄组的参与者哮喘患病率高得多，为16.7％。在评估学校邻里特征时，我们的结果显示，不同SES水平的人口普查区在哮喘患病率上没有显着差异。对于HAP，在单一污染物模型中，氯水平显示出哮喘患病率的显着线性趋势（p = 0.03），而盐酸则具有边际显着的线性趋势（p = 0.08）。在多污染物模型中，与氯的关系仍然很明显。n结论德克萨斯州伊达尔戈县学龄儿童的哮喘患病率为9.4％，略高于该州的患病率，尤其是在14-18岁的年轻人中哮喘率为16.7％。结果支持在学校附近的HAP暴露与小儿哮喘风险（尤其是与氯有关的风险）之间存在关联。没有观察到学校一级的SES对哮喘风险有显着影响。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2018年第4期|41-48|共8页
  • 作者

    Genny Carrillo; Maria J. Perez Patron; Natalie Johnson; Yan Zhong; Rose Lucio; Xiaohui Xu;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health. Texas A&M University Health Science Center;

    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the School of Public Health. Texas A&M University Health Science Center;

    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health. Texas A&M University Health Science Center;

    Statistics Department at Texas A&M University;

    Texas A&M University Health Science Center, School of Public Health - McAllen Campus;

    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the School of Public Health. Texas A&M University Health Science Center;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Air pollution; High risk of asthma; Hispanic children; Hidalgo county;

    机译：空气污染;高哮喘风险;西班牙裔儿童;伊达尔戈县;

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