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Recent versus chronic fine particulate air pollution exposure as determinant of the retinal microvasculature in school children

机译：近期与慢性细颗粒物空气污染接触对小学生视网膜微血管的影响

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摘要

Background: Microvascular changes may represent an underlying mechanism through which exposure to fine particulate matter with a diameter < 2.5 µm (PM_(2.5)) contributes to age-related disease development. We investigated the effect of recent and chronic exposure to PM_(2.5) on the microcirculation, exemplified by retinal vessel diameters, using repeated measurements in 8- to 12-year-old children. Methods: 221 children (49.1% girls; mean age 9.9 years) were examined repeatedly (25 one, 124 two, and 72 three times) adding up to 489 retinal vessel examinations. Same-day exposure to PM_(2.5) was measured at school. In addition, recent (same and previous day) and chronic (yearly mean) exposure was modelled at the child's residence using a high-resolution interpolation model. Residential proximity to major roads was also assessed. Changes in retinal vessel diameters associated with recent and chronic exposures were estimated using mixed models, while adjusting for other known covariates such as sex, age, BMI, blood pressure and birth weight. Results: Each 10 µg/m~ increment in same-day exposure to PM_(2.5) measured at school was associated with 0.35 µm (95% CI: 0.09-0.61 µm) narrower retinal arterioles and 0.35 µm (-0.03 to 0.73 µm) wider venules. Children living 100 m closer to a major road had 0.30 µm (0.05-0.54 µm) narrower arterioles. Conclusions: Blood vessel diameters of the retinal microcirculation of healthy school-aged children respond to same-day PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, children living closer to major roads had smaller arteriolar diameters. Our results suggest that the microcirculation, with retinal microvasculature as a proxy in this study, is a pathophysiological target for air pollution in children.
机译：背景：微血管的变化可能代表了一种潜在的机制，通过这种机制，暴露于直径小于2.5 µm（PM_（2.5））的细小颗粒物会导致与年龄有关的疾病的发展。我们对8至12岁的儿童进行了重复测量，调查了近期和长期暴露于PM_（2.5）对微循环的影响，以视网膜血管直径为例。方法：对221名儿童（49.1％的女孩；平均年龄9.9岁）进行了重复检查（25次，124次和72次3次），总共进行了489次视网膜血管检查。在学校测量当天的PM_（2.5）暴露量。此外，使用高分辨率插值模型在孩子的住所中模拟了最近（同一天和前一天）和慢性（每年平均）暴露。还评估了住宅区靠近主要道路的情况。使用混合模型估算与近期和慢性暴露相关的视网膜血管直径变化，同时调整其他已知的协变量，例如性别，年龄，BMI，血压和出生体重。结果：在学校测得的当日PM_（2.5）暴露量每增加10 µg / m〜，就会导致0.35 µm（95％CI：0.09-0.61 µm）狭窄的视网膜小动脉和0.35 µm（-0.03至0.73 µm）小静脉。居住在距离主要道路较近100 m的儿童的小动脉狭窄了0.30 µm（0.05-0.54 µm）。结论：健康学龄儿童视网膜微循环的血管直径对当日PM2.5暴露有反应。此外，靠近主要道路的儿童的小动脉直径较小。我们的结果表明，以视网膜微脉管系统为代表的微循环是儿童空气污染的病理生理指标。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2017年第11期|103-110|共8页
  • 作者

    Eline B. Provost; Luc Int Panis; Nelly D. Saenen; Michal Kicinski; Tijs Louwies; Karen Vrijens; Patrick De Boever; Tim S. Nawrot;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;

    Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium,School for Mobility, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium;

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium;

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium;

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium;

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;

    Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Microcirculation; Retina; Air pollution; Children;

    机译：微循环;视网膜;空气污染;小孩儿;

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