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Particulate air pollution, fetal growth and gestational length: The influence of residential mobility in pregnancy

机译：空气污染，胎儿生长和妊娠期长：怀孕期间居住活动的影响

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Background: It remains unclear as to whether neglecting residential mobility during pregnancy introduces bias in studies investigating air pollution and adverse perinatal outcomes, as most studies assess exposure based on residence at birth. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether such bias can be observed in a study on the effects of PM_(10) on risk of preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. Methods: This was a retrospective study using four pregnancy cohorts of women recruited in Connecticut, USA (N = 10,025). We ascertained associations with PM_(10) exposure calculated using first recorded maternal address, last recorded address, and full address histories. We used a discrete time-to-event model for preterm birth, and logistic regression to investigate associations with small for gestational age (SGA) and term low birth weight (LBW). Results: Pregnant women tended to move to areas with lower levels of PM_(10). For all outcomes, there was negligible difference between effect sizes corresponding to exposures calculated with first, last and full address histories. For LBW, associations were observed for exposure in second trimester (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.14 per 1 μg/m~3 PM_(10)) and whole pregnancy (OR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.14). For SGA, associations were observed for elevated exposure in second trimester (OR 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04) and whole pregnancy (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05). There was insufficient evidence for association with preterm birth. Conclusion: PM_(10) was associated with both SGA and term LBW. However, there was negligible benefit in accounting for residential mobility in pregnancy in this study.
机译：背景：目前尚不清楚在怀孕期间忽略居所流动性是否会在调查空气污染和不良围生期结局的研究中产生偏见，因为大多数研究都是根据出生时的居所来评估暴露程度。这项研究的目的是确定在PM_（10）对早产风险和胎儿生长受限的影响的研究中是否可以观察到这种偏见。方法：这是一项回顾性研究，使用了美国康涅狄格州招募的四个孕妇队列（N = 10,025）。我们确定了与使用第一个记录的母本地址，最后一个记录的地址和完整的地址历史记录计算的PM_（10）暴露量的关联。我们使用离散事件发生时间模型进行早产，并进行逻辑回归分析以调查与小胎龄（SGA）和足月低出生体重（LBW）的关联。结果：孕妇倾向于移到PM_（10）水平较低的地区。对于所有结局，效果大小之间的差异可忽略不计，该大小对应于使用第一，最后和完整地址历史记录计算的暴露量。对于LBW，在妊娠中期（OR 1.09; 95％CI：每1μg/ m〜3 PM_（10））和整个孕期（OR 1.08; 95％CI：1.02-1.14）中观察到关联。对于SGA，在妊娠中期（OR 1.02; 95％CI：1.00-1.04）和整个妊娠期（OR 1.03; 95％CI：1.01-1.05）中观察到暴露增加的关联。没有足够的证据证明与早产有关。结论：PM_（10）与SGA和术语LBW相关。但是，在这项研究中，考虑到孕妇居住时的流动性，其收益微不足道。

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