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The role of phthalate esters in autism development: A systematic review

机译：邻苯二甲酸酯在自闭症发展中的作用：系统综述

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摘要

Background: Available evidence implicates environmental factors in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the role of specific environmental chemicals such as phthalate esters that influence ASD risk remains elusive. This paper systematically reviews published evidences on association between prenatal and/or childhood exposure to phthalate and ASD. Methods: Studies pertaining to systematic literature search from Scopus, PubMed, Psyclnfo and Web of Science prior to December 2015 were identified. The authors included studies which assessed the effect of exposure to phthalates on occurrence of ASD. This comprehensive bibliographic search identified five independent studies. Each eligible paper was summarized with respect to its methods and results with particular attention to study design and exposure assessment Because of the heterogeneity in the type of included studies, different methods of assessing exposure to phthalates and the use of different statistics for summarizing the results, meta-analysis could not be used to combine the results of included studies. Results: The results of this systematic review have revealed the limited number of studies conducted and assessed phthalate exposure. Seven studies were regarded as relevant to the objectives of this review. Two of them did not measure phthalate exposure directly and did not result in quantitative results. Out of the five studies in which phthalate exposure was mainly measured by the examining biomarkers in biological samples, two were cohort studies (one with positive results and another one with not clear association). Among the three case control studies, two of them showed a significant relation between exposure to phthalate and ASD and the last case control study had negative results. Indeed, this case control studies showed a compromised phthalate metabolite glucuronidation pathway, as a probable explanation of mechanism of the relation between phthalate exposure and ASD. Conclusions: This review reveals evidence showing a connection between exposure to phthalates and ASD. Nevertheless, further research is needed with appropriate attention to exposure assessment and relevant pre and post-natal cofounders.
机译：背景：现有证据表明环境因素与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发病机理有关。但是，影响ASD风险的特定环境化学品（例如邻苯二甲酸酯）的作用仍然难以捉摸。本文系统地回顾了有关产前和/或儿童期邻苯二甲酸酯和ASD的关联的已发表证据。方法：确定了2015年12月之前从Scopus，PubMed，Psyclnfo和Web of Science进行的系统文献检索的研究。作者纳入了评估暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐对ASD发生的影响的研究。这项全面的书目搜索确定了五项独立的研究。每篇合格的论文均就其方法和结果进行了总结，并特别关注研究设计和暴露评估。由于纳入研究的类型各异，评估邻苯二甲酸盐暴露的方法不同，并且使用不同的统计数据来汇总结果，荟萃分析不能用于合并纳入研究的结果。结果：该系统评价的结果表明，进行和评估邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的研究数量有限。七项研究被认为与本次审查的目标有关。其中两个没有直接测量邻苯二甲酸酯的暴露，也没有得出定量结果。在五项主要通过检查生物样品中生物标志物来测定邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的研究中，有两项是同类研究（一项结果为阳性，而另一项没有明确的关联）。在这三个案例对照研究中，其中两个表明邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与ASD之间存在显着相关性，而最后一个案例对照研究结果为阴性。确实，本案例对照研究显示邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物葡萄糖醛酸苷化途径受损，这可能是邻苯二甲酸酯暴露与ASD之间关系机理的解释。结论：这项审查揭示了证据表明暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐和ASD之间存在联系。尽管如此，仍需要进行进一步的研究，并适当注意暴露评估以及相关的产前和产后联合创始人。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2016年第11期|493-504|共12页
  • 作者

    Maryam Zare Jeddi; Leila Janani; Amir Hossein Memari; Shahin Akhondzadeh; Masud yunesian;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

    Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

    Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

    Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

    Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina St., Enqelab Sq., Tehran 1417653761, Iran;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Children with autism; Developmental disorder; Environmental risk factors; Phthalate esters; Endocrine disrupters;

    机译：自闭症儿童;发育障碍;环境危险因素;邻苯二甲酸酯;内分泌干​​扰物;

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