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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >A short-term laboratory and in situ sediment assay based on the postexposure feeding of the estuarine isopod Cyathura carinata
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A short-term laboratory and in situ sediment assay based on the postexposure feeding of the estuarine isopod Cyathura carinata

机译：基于河口等足类Cyathura carinata暴露后喂养的短期实验室和原位沉积物测定

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In situ assays based on feeding depression have been proposed as sublethal assays able to assess immediate contaminant effects on key ecosystem functions, long before effects on life-history traits can be detected. The in situ peculiarities provide more realistic exposure scenarios than laboratory-controlled conditions, which is particularly relevant for estuarine ecosystems where environmental conditions are highly variable. In this context, we developed a short-term cost-effective in situ assay based on the postexposure feeding of the estuarine species, Cyathura carinata, through the following steps: ⅰ) develop a methodology to quantify feeding under laboratory conditions; ⅱ) quantify the sensitivity of the postexposure feeding response under laboratory conditions; ⅲ) deploy the in situ assay at various field sites covering different environmental variables in a reference estuary and degrees of contamination in a contaminated estuary to, respectively, derive a model to predict postexposure feeding rates across sites varying in environmental variables and evaluate the potential of this in situ tool to assess sediment contamination in estuaries. A quantity of 100 defrosted nauplii of Artemia franciscana per isopod given during a short period of 30 min in darkness was adequate to allow estimating precise postexposure feeding rates. Laboratory toxicity tests showed the high sensitivity of postexposure feeding to Cd as a sublethal endpoint for C carinata (7-fold lower than the corresponding 48-h LC50). However, this species appears to be able to face high concentrations of non-essential metals as Cd, with 96-h LC50 values (37 mg Cd/L) higher than values reported for other isopods, and among the highest concentrations reported for saltwater invertebrates. Results of in situ deployments at reference sites indicated that sediment with size fraction between 63-125 μm (very fine sand) influences feeding rates. The in situ assay across contaminated sites was able to discriminate between unpolluted and polluted estuaries, and also to detect degrees of toxicity among sampling sites within an estuary, after statistically adjusting feeding rates on the basis of the proportion of the sediment very fine sand influencing baseline feeding rates. The in situ postexposure feeding assay with C. carinata was found to be, therefore, a potential useful cost-effective tool for estuarine sediment toxicity assessments.
机译：已经提出了基于进食抑制的原位测定法，作为亚致死测定法，能够评估对生命生态系统特征的影响，这早就可以评估污染物对关键生态系统功能的直接影响。与实验室控制的条件相比，原位特性提供了更现实的暴露场景，这尤其适用于环境条件变化很大的河口生态系统。在这种情况下，我们通过以下步骤，基于河口物种Cyathura carinata的暴露后摄食，开发了一种经济有效的短期原位测定：ⅰ）开发一种在实验室条件下定量摄食的方法； ⅱ）量化实验室条件下暴露后摄食反应的敏感性； ⅲ）在涉及参考河口的不同环境变量和受污染河口的污染程度的各个野外地点进行原位分析，以分别得出模型来预测环境变量不同的地点之间的暴露后摄食率并评估潜在的这个评估河口沉积物污染的现场工具。在黑暗中短短30分钟内，每个等足动物每头足有100个除霜的无节幼体弗朗西斯卡纳幼虫，足以估算出精确的暴露后摄食率。实验室毒性测试表明，暴露后喂食Cd作为Carinata的亚致死终点具有很高的敏感性（比相应的48小时LC50低7倍）。但是，该物种似乎能够面对高浓度的非必需金属（如Cd），其96小时LC50值（37 mg Cd / L）高于其他等足动物的报告值，并且是海水无脊椎动物报告的最高浓度之一。参考地点的原位部署结果表明，粒径在63-125μm（非常细的沙子）之间的沉积物会影响进料速度。在根据影响底泥的细砂的比例统计调整进料速度后，跨污染场地的原位分析能够区分未污染的河口和受污染的河口，并且还可以检测河口内采样点之间的毒性程度。喂食率。因此，发现使用C. carinata进行原位暴露后喂养测定是河口沉积物毒性评估的潜在有用的具有成本效益的工具。

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