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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Eosinophilia and biotoxin exposure in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from a coastal area impacted by repeated mortality events
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Eosinophilia and biotoxin exposure in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from a coastal area impacted by repeated mortality events

机译：受反复死亡事件影响的沿海地区宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）嗜酸性粒细胞增多症和生物毒素暴露

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摘要

Bottlenose dolphins {Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico have been impacted by recurrent unusual mortality events over the past few decades. Several of these mortality events along the Florida panhandle have been tentatively attributed to poisoning from brevetoxin produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. While dolphins in other regions of the Florida coast are often exposed to K. brevis blooms, large-scale dolphin mortality events are relatively rare and the frequency and magnitude of die-offs along the Panhandle raise concern for the apparent vulnerability of dolphins in this region. We report results from dolphin health assessments conducted near St. Joseph Bay, Florida, an area impacted by 3 unusual die-offs within a 7-year time span. An eosinophilia syndrome, manifested as an elevated blood eosinophil count without obvious cause, was observed in 23% of sampled dolphins. Elevated eosinophil counts were associated with decreased T-lymphocyte proliferation and increased neutrophil phagocytosis. In addition, indication of chronic low-level exposure to another algal toxin, domoic acid produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp., was determined. Previous studies of other marine mammal populations exposed recurrently to Pseudo-nitzschia blooms have suggested a possible link between the eosinophilia and domoic acid exposure. While the chronic eosinophilia syndrome could over the long-term produce organ damage and alter immunological status and thereby increase vulnerability to other challenges, the significance of the high prevalence of the syndrome to the observed mortality events in the St. Joseph Bay area is unclear. Nonetheless, the unusual immunological findings and concurrent evidence of domoic acid exposure in this sentinel marine species suggest a need for further investigation to elucidate potential links between chronic, low-level exposure to algal toxins and immune health.
机译：在过去的几十年中，栖息在墨西哥湾北部沿海水域的宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）受不寻常的死亡事件影响。沿佛罗里达泛滥区的这些死亡事件中有数个已被暂时归因于短鞭毛藻鞭毛藻产生的短毒素引起的中毒。虽然佛罗里达州沿海其他地区的海豚经常会暴露于短的K. brevis繁花，但大规模的海豚死亡事件相对较少，并且沿潘汉德勒（Pandhandle）死去的频率和规模引起了人们对该地区海豚明显脆弱性的担忧。 。我们报告了在佛罗里达州圣约瑟夫湾附近进行的海豚健康评估结果，该地区在7年的时间内受到3次异常死亡的影响。在23％的采样海豚中发现了嗜酸性粒细胞增多症，表现为嗜酸性粒细胞计数升高，没有明显原因。嗜酸性粒细胞计数升高与T淋巴细胞增殖减少和嗜中性粒细胞吞噬作用增加有关。另外，确定了长期低水平暴露于另一种藻毒素，即由硅藻假奈瑟菌属（Pseudo-Nitzschia spp。）产生的海藻酸的迹象。先前对其他经常暴露于假性紫花病暴发的海洋哺乳动物种群的研究表明，嗜酸性粒细胞增多症和海藻酸暴露之间可能存在联系。虽然慢性嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合症可能长期造成器官损害并改变免疫学状态，从而增加对其他挑战的抵抗力，但尚不清楚该综合症的高流行对在圣约瑟夫湾地区观察到的死亡事件的重要性。尽管如此，在该前哨海洋物种中不寻常的免疫学发现和同时存在的海藻酸暴露证据表明，有必要进一步研究，以阐明长期，低水平的藻毒素暴露与免疫健康之间的潜在联系。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2010年第6期|p.548-555|共8页
  • 作者

    Lori H. Schwacke; Michael J. Twiner; Sylvain De Guise; Brian C. Balmer; Randall S. Wells; Forrest I. Townsend; David C. Rotstein; Rene A. Varela; Larry J. Hansen; Eric S. Zolman; Trevor R. Spradlin; Milton Levin; Heather Leibrecht; Zhihong Wang; Teresa K. Rowles;

  • 作者单位

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Human Health Risks, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Road,Charleston, SC 29412, USA University of Michigan, Department of Natural Sciences,4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, Michigan 48128, USA.;

    rnUniversity of Connecticut, Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, 61 North Eagleville Road, U-89, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;

    rnChicago Zoological Society, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA;

    rnChicago Zoological Society, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA;

    rnBayside Hospital for Animals, 251 N.E. Racetrack Road, Fort Walton Beach, FL 32547, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Protected Resources, Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;

    rnOcean Embassy Inc. 6433 Pinecastle Blvd. Ste 2, Orlando, FL 32809, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28576, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Road,Charleston, SC 29412, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Protected Resources, Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;

    rnUniversity of Connecticut, Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, 61 North Eagleville Road, U-89, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;

    rnUniversity of Connecticut, Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, 61 North Eagleville Road, U-89, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Road,Charleston, SC 29412, USA;

    rnNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Protected Resources, Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    marine mammal; biotoxin; domoic acid; immunology; eosinophil;

    机译：海洋哺乳动物生物毒素海藻酸免疫学嗜酸性粒细胞;

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