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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Reconnaissance of Mixed Organic and Inorganic Chemicals in Private and Public Supply Tapwaters at Selected Residential and Workplace Sites in the United States
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Reconnaissance of Mixed Organic and Inorganic Chemicals in Private and Public Supply Tapwaters at Selected Residential and Workplace Sites in the United States

机译：在美国选定的住宅和工作场所对私人和公共供应自来水中的混合有机和无机化学物质进行勘察

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Safe drinking water at the point-of-use (tap water, TW) is a United States public health priority. Multiple lines of evidence were used to evaluate potential human health concerns of 482 organics and 19 inorganics in TW from 13 (7 public supply, 6 private well self-supply) home and 12 (public supply) workplace locations in 11 states. Only uranium (61.9 mu g L-1, private well) exceeded a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation maximum contaminant level (MCL: 30 mu g L-1). Lead was detected in 23 samples (MCL goal: zero). Seventy-five organics were detected at least once, with median detections of 5 and 17 compounds in self-supply and public supply samples, respectively (corresponding maxima: 12 and 29). Disinfection byproducts predominated in public supply samples, comprising 21% of all detected and 6 of the 10 most frequently detected. Chemicals designed to be bioactive (26 pesticides, 10 pharmaceuticals) comprised 48% of detected organics. Site-specific cumulative exposure-activity ratios (Sigma(EAR)) were calculated for the 36 detected organics with ToxCast data. Because these detections are fractional indicators of a largely uncharacterized contaminant space, Sigma(EAR) in excess of 0.001 and 0.01 in 74 and 26% of public supply samples, respectively, provide an argument for prioritized assessment of cumulative effects to vulnerable populations from trace-level TW exposures.
机译：使用点的安全饮用水（自来水，TW）是美国公共卫生的重点。在11个州的13个（7个公共供应，6个私人水井自给自足）住所和12个（公共供应）工作场所中，使用多种证据评估TW中482种有机物和19种无机物对人体健康的潜在影响。只有铀（61.9μg L-1，私人井）超过了《国家基本饮用水条例》的最大污染物水平（MCL：30μg L-1）。在23个样品中检测到铅（MCL目标：零）。至少检测了75种有机物，分别在自给样品和公共供应样品中检测到5种和17种化合物的中位数（对应最大值：12和29）。消毒副产物在公共供应样品中占主导地位，占所有检出的21％和最经常检出的10种中的6种。被设计为具有生物活性的化学物质（26种农药，10种药物）占检测到的有机物的48％。使用ToxCast数据计算了36种检测到的有机物的特定于站点的累积暴露活性比（Sigma（EAR））。由于这些检测是很大程度上未表征的污染物空间的分数指标，因此分别在74％和26％的公共供应样本中Sigma（EAR）超过0.001和0.01，就可以优先评估痕量污染物对脆弱人群的累积影响。 TW级曝光。

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