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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Distribution Profiles of Melamine and Its Derivatives in Indoor Dust from 12 Countries and the Implications for Human Exposure
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Distribution Profiles of Melamine and Its Derivatives in Indoor Dust from 12 Countries and the Implications for Human Exposure

机译:12个国家室内尘埃中三聚氰胺及其衍生物的分布特征及其对人体暴露的影响

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摘要

Melamine and its derivatives (i.e., ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid) are extensively used in household products, such as furniture, dinnerware, and food utensils. Nevertheless, limited information is available on human exposures, other than dietary sources, to melamine and its derivatives. In this study, the occurrence of melamine and its derivatives was determined, for the first time, in 341 samples of indoor dust, collected from 12 countries. All of the dust samples contained target analytes, with global median concentrations of 1800, 1100, 48, and 45 ng/g for melamine, cyanuric acid, ammelide, and ammeline, respectively. The total concentrations of melamine and its derivatives varied among countries in the following decreasing order: United States (median: 17 000 ng/g) Japan (8400) China (8000) South Korea (7300) Saudi Arabia (4400) Romania (4300) Greece (3400) Kuwait (2400) Vietnam (2300) Colombia (1300) Pakistan (820) India (430). Correlation analysis indicated the existence of multiple and varied sources for melamine and cyanuric acid. Estimated daily intakes of melamine via indoor dust ingestion were at least 2 orders of magnitude below the current tolerable daily intake.
机译:三聚氰胺及其衍生物(例如,氨甲林,二甲酰亚胺和氰尿酸)被广泛用于家具,餐具和食品用具等家用产品中。但是,除了饮食来源以外,关于人类接触三聚氰胺及其衍生物的信息很少。在这项研究中,首次确定了从12个国家/地区收集的341个室内灰尘样品中三聚氰胺及其衍生物的存在。所有粉尘样品均包含目标分析物,三聚氰胺,氰尿酸,二甲酰亚胺和二甲胺的全球平均浓度分别为1800、1100、48和45 ng / g。不同国家/地区的三聚氰胺及其衍生物的总浓度以降序排列:美国(中位数:17 000 ng / g)>日本(8400)>中国(8000)>韩国(7300)>沙特阿拉伯(4400) >罗马尼亚(4300)>希腊(3400)>科威特(2400)>越南(2300)>哥伦比亚(1300)>巴基斯坦(820)>印度(430)。相关分析表明三聚氰胺和氰尿酸存在多种来源。通过室内粉尘摄入,估计三聚氰胺的每日摄入量比当前可耐受的每日摄入量低至少两个数量级。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2018年第21期|12801-12808|共8页
  • 作者单位

    SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Empire State Plaza,POB 509, Albany, NY 12201 USA;

    King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biochem, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdulaziz Univ, Expt Biochem Unit, King Fahd Med Res Ctr, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;

    SUNY Albany, New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Empire State Plaza,POB 509, Albany, NY 12201 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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