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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Use of Routine Soil Tests to Estimate Pb Bioaccessibility
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Use of Routine Soil Tests to Estimate Pb Bioaccessibility

机译：使用常规土壤测试评估铅的生物可及性

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Soil lead (Pb) hazard level is contingent on bioavailability, but existing assays that estimate Pb bioavailability for human health risks are too expensive or otherwise inaccessible to many people that are impacted by Pb-contaminated soil. This study investigated the use of routine soil nutrient tests to estimate soil-Pb bioaccessibility as a surrogate measure of Pb bioavailability. A silt loam soil was spiked to a target concentration of 2000 mg Pb kg(-1) with Pb(NO3)(2) and amended with H3PO4 (varying P-to-Pb molar ratios) and KCI (Cl-to-P molar ratio of 2:5) to generate soils with similar total Pb concentrations but a range of Pb bioavailability (and bioaccessibility). Soils were extracted using Mehlich 3, Mehlich 1, Bray P1, Olsen, and micronutrient (DTPA) methods, and the results were compared to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 1340 data as well as to extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The Mehlich 3 and method 1340 treatment effect ratios were well-correlated (r(2 )= 0.88, p = 0.05), whereas Bray P1, DTPA, and Olsen results were more reflective of EXAFS data. Preliminary animal-feeding trials suggest that the Mehlich 3 is as effective as method 1340 at predicting the impact of P treatment on Pb relative bioavailability; however, both methods over-estimated the Pb hazard to mice in P-amended soil. Other routine soil tests that have heightened sensitivity to P amendment (e.g., Bray P1) may be promising candidates for Pb bioaccessibility assessment.
机译：土壤铅（Pb）危害水平取决于生物利用度，但是现有的评估铅对人类健康风险的生物利用度的测定方法过于昂贵，或者对于许多受铅污染的土壤影响的人而言无法获得。这项研究调查了常规土壤养分测试方法的使用，以评估土壤铅的生物利用度，作为铅生物利用度的替代指标。用Pb（NO3）（2）将粉壤土土壤钉扎至2000 mg Pb kg（-1）的目标浓度，并用H3PO4（P-Pb摩尔比变化）和KCI（Cl-P摩尔比）修正比例为2：5），以产生具有相似的总Pb浓度但具有一定范围的Pb生物利用度（和生物利用度）的土壤。使用Mehlich 3，Mehlich 1，Bray P1，Olsen和微量营养素（DTPA）方法提取土壤，并将结果与​​美国环境保护局的1340方法数据以及扩展的X射线吸收精细结构（EXAFS）光谱进行比较。 Mehlich 3和方法1340的治疗效果比率具有良好的相关性（r（2）= 0.88，p <= 0.05），而Bray P1，DTPA和Olsen的结果更能反映出EXAFS数据。初步的动物喂养试验表明，Mehlich 3在预测P处理对Pb相对生物利用度的影响方面与方法1340一样有效。然而，这两种方法都高估了在磷改良土壤中对小鼠的铅危害。其他对P修正敏感性更高的常规土壤测试（例如Bray P1）可能是有前途的Pb生物可及性评估候选对象。

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