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Decreasing Vanadium Footprint of Bunker Fuel Emissions

机译：减少船用燃料排放的钒足迹

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摘要

The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network measures the chemical composition of atmospheric particulate matter at over 160 locations throughout the United States. As part of the routine quality control process, we noted decreases in the network-wide vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni) concentrations in 2015 relative to the previous years. Enriched V and Ni with respect to soil are indicative of heavy fuel oil burning and are often used as tracers for emissions from marine vessels. Multiple regulations on the fuel used by marine vessels were implemented in North America since 2010, and the most sweeping regulation was implemented at the start of 2015. The 2015 regulations reduced the allowable fuel oil sulfur concentrations within the North America Emissions Control Area from 1.0% to 0.1% to reduce the environmental and human health impacts of sulfates. As a side effect, these requirements economically favored fuels with lower V and Ni concentrations. The atmospheric concentrations of V and Ni decreased markedly at many IMPROVE monitoring sites, particularly sites near major ports. Between 2011 and 2015, annual mean V concentrations measured on IMPROVE samples collected near the ports of Seattle, Washington and New Orleans, Louisiana decreased by 35% and 85%, respectively. These decreases have brought the coastal V and Ni concentrations much closer to those measured far inland.
机译：保护视觉环境机构间监视（IMPROVE）网络在全美国160多个地点测量大气颗粒物的化学成分。作为常规质量控制流程的一部分，我们注意到，与往年相比，2015年全网范围内的钒（V）和镍（Ni）浓度下降。相对于土壤而言，富集的V和Ni表示重油燃烧，通常用作海洋船舶排放的示踪剂。自2010年以来，北美开始实施有关海上船舶燃料的多项法规，最广泛的法规于2015年初实施。2015年法规将北美排放控制区内的允许燃油硫浓度从1.0％降低降低至0.1％，以减少硫酸盐对环境和人类健康的影响。副作用是，这些要求在经济上有利于V和Ni浓度较低的燃料。在许多IMPROVE监测站，特别是主要港口附近的站，V和Ni的大气浓度显着下降。在2011年至2015年之间，在西雅图，华盛顿和路易斯安那州新奥尔良港口附近采集的IMPROVE样品上测得的年平均V浓度分别降低了35％和85％。这些下降使沿海地区的V和Ni浓度更加接近内陆地区。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2018年第20期|11528-11534|共7页
  • 作者

    Spada Nicholas J.; Cheng Xiaoya; White Warren H.; Hyslop Nicole P.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

    Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

    Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

    Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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