Unprocessed Atmospheric Nitrate in Waters of the Northern Forest Region in the U.S. and Canada

Sebestyen Stephen D.; Ross Donald S.; Shanley James B.; Elliott Emily M.; Kendall Carol; Campbell John L.; Dail D. Bryan; Fernandez Ivan J.; Goodale Christine L.; Lawrence Gregory B.; Lovett Gary M.; McHale Patrick J.; Mitchell Myron J.; Nelson Sarah J.; Shattuck Michelle D.; Wickman Trent R.; Barnes Rebecca T.; Bostic Joel T.; Buda Anthony R.; Burns Douglas A.; Eshleman Keith N.; Finlay Jacques C.; Nelson David M.; Ohte Nobuhito; Pardo Linda H.; Rose Lucy A.; Sabo Robert D.; Schiff Sherry L.; Spoelstra John; Williard Karl W. J.

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Unprocessed Atmospheric Nitrate in Waters of the Northern Forest Region in the U.S. and Canada

机译：美国和加拿大北部森林地区水域中未经处理的大气硝酸盐

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Little is known about the regional extent and variability of nitrate from atmospheric deposition that is transported to streams without biological processing in forests. We measured water chemistry and isotopic tracers (delta O-15 and delta N-15) of nitrate sources across the Northern Forest Region of the U.S. and Canada and reanalyzed data from other studies to determine when, where, and how unprocessed atmospheric nitrate was transported in catchments. These inputs were more widespread and numerous than commonly recognized, but with high spatial and temporal variability. Only 6 of 32 streams had high fractions (20%) of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate during baseflow. Seventeen had high fractions during stormflow or snowmelt, which corresponded to large fractions in near-surface soil waters or groundwaters, but not deep groundwater. The remaining 10 streams occasionally had some (20%) unprocessed atmospheric nitrate during stormflow or baseflow. Large, sporadic events may continue to be cryptic due to atmospheric deposition variation among storms and a near complete lack of monitoring for these events. A general lack of observance may bias perceptions of occurrence; sustained monitoring of chronic nitrogen pollution effects on forests with nitrate source apportionments may offer insights needed to advance the science as well as assess regulatory and management schemes.

机译：关于大气沉积物中硝酸盐的区域范围和变异性知之甚少，这些硝酸盐在没有生物处理的情况下被输送到河流中而在森林中运输。我们测量了美国和加拿大北部森林地区硝酸盐源的水化学和同位素示踪剂（δO-15和δN-15），并重新分析了其他研究的数据，以确定何时，何地以及如何运输未处理的大气硝酸盐在流域。这些输入比普遍认可的更为广泛和众多，但具有很高的时空变异性。在基流期间，32个流中只有6个流中未处理的大气硝酸盐含量高（> 20％）。十七个在暴风雨或融雪期间具有较高的分数，这对应于近地表土壤水或地下水中的大部分，但不包括深层地下水。在暴风雨或底流期间，其余的10条溪流偶尔会有一些（<20％）未处理的大气硝酸盐。由于风暴之间的大气沉积变化以及对这些事件的监视几乎完全缺乏，大型的零星事件可能仍是神秘的。普遍缺乏遵守可能会使发生的看法有偏差；持续监测硝酸盐源分配对森林的长期氮污染的影响，可能会提供促进科学发展以及评估监管和管理计划所需的见解。

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来源
《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2019年第7期|3620-3633|共14页
作者
Sebestyen Stephen D.; Ross Donald S.; Shanley James B.; Elliott Emily M.; Kendall Carol; Campbell John L.; Dail D. Bryan; Fernandez Ivan J.; Goodale Christine L.; Lawrence Gregory B.; Lovett Gary M.; McHale Patrick J.; Mitchell Myron J.; Nelson Sarah J.; Shattuck Michelle D.; Wickman Trent R.; Barnes Rebecca T.; Bostic Joel T.; Buda Anthony R.; Burns Douglas A.; Eshleman Keith N.; Finlay Jacques C.; Nelson David M.; Ohte Nobuhito; Pardo Linda H.; Rose Lucy A.; Sabo Robert D.; Schiff Sherry L.; Spoelstra John; Williard Karl W. J.;
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作者单位

US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Res Stn, 1831 Highway 169 E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA;

Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA;

US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA;

Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA;

USGS, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA|US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA;

Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA|N3B, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA;

Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA;

Cornell Univ, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA;

USGS, NY Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA;

Cary Inst Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA;

SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, New York, NY 13210 USA;

SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, New York, NY 13210 USA;

Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA;

US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Syst Eastern Reg, Duluth, MN 55808 USA;

Colorado Coll, Environm Program, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA;

Colorado Coll, Environm Program, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA|Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA;

ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;

USGS, NY Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA;

Univ Minnesota, Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA;

Colorado Coll, Environm Program, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA;

Kyoto Univ, Dept Social Informat, Kyoto, Kyoto 6068501, Japan;

Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA;

US Forest Serv, USDA, Northren Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA;

Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;

Canada Ctr Inland Waters, Environm & Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada;

Southern Illinois Univ, Forestry Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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1. Export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from temperate forested catchments: a?possible new index for nitrogen saturation [J] . Nakagawa Fumiko, Tsunogai Urumu, Obata Yusuke, Biogeosciences . 2018,第22期

机译：温带森林流域未经处理的大气硝酸盐的出口通量：可能是氮饱和度的新指标
2. Export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from temperate forested catchments: a?possible new index for nitrogen saturation [J] . Nakagawa Fumiko, Tsunogai Urumu, Obata Yusuke, Biogeosciences Discussions . 2018,第22期

机译：从温带森林集水区出口未加工大气硝酸盐的通量：a？氮饱和度的可能新指标
3. Export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from temperate forested catchments: a possible new index for nitrogen saturation [J] . Nakagawa Fumiko, Tsunogai Urumu, Obata Yusuke, Biogeosciences . 2018,第22期

机译：从温带森林集水区出口未加工大气硝酸盐的通量：氮饱和度可能的新指标
4. EFFECT OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON STREAM WATER NITRATE AND NITROUS GAS EMISSION IN LARCH FOREST IN THE NORTHERN JAPAN [C] . Osamu Nakahara, Takeshi Yamagami, Takahiro Koide, International Nitrogen Conference; 20041012-16; Nanjing(CN) . 2004

机译：氮素沉积对日本北部落叶松林地流水硝酸盐和硝态氮排放的影响
5. Elevated atmospheric nitrate deposition in northern hardwood forests: Impacts on the microbial mechanisms of plant litter decomposition. [D] . DeForest, Jared L. 2004

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6. Climate change impacts on crop yield soil water balance and nitrate leaching in the semiarid and humid regions of Canada [O] . Wentian He, J. Y. Yang, B. Qian, -1

机译：气候变化对加拿大半干旱和潮湿地区的农作物产量土壤水分平衡和硝酸盐淋失产生影响
7. Export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from temperate forested catchments: a possible new index for nitrogen saturation [O] . Fumiko Nakagawa, Urumu Tsunogai, Yusuke Obata, 2018

机译：从温带森林集水区出口未加工大气硝酸盐的通量：氮饱和度可能的新指标

Unprocessed Atmospheric Nitrate in Waters of the Northern Forest Region in the U.S. and Canada

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