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Evaluating Microbial and Chemical Hazards in Commercial Struvite Recovered from Wastewater

机译：评价从废水中回收的商业鸟粪石中的微生物和化学危害

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摘要

Controlled struvite (NH4MgPO4 center dot 6H(2)O) precipitation has become a well-known process for nutrient recovery from wastewater treatment systems to alleviate the pressures of diminishing, finite rock phosphate reservoirs. Nonetheless, coprecipitation of potential microbial and chemical hazards is poorly understood. On the other hand, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health concern and wastewater is thought to disseminate resistance genes within bacteria. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are typically used as measures of treatment quality, and with multiresistant E. coli and Enterococcus spp. rising in concern, the quantification of FIB can be used as a preliminary method to assess the risk of AMR Focusing on struvite produced from full-scale operations, culture and qPCR methods were utilized to identify FIB, antibiotic resistance genes, and human enteric viruses in the final product. Detection of these hazards occurred in both wet and dry struvite samples indicating that there is a potential risk that needs further consideration. Chemical and biological analyses support the idea that the presence of other wastewater components can impact struvite formation through ion and microbial interference. While heavy metal concentrations met current fertilizer standards, the presence of K, Na, Ca, and Fe ions can impact struvite purity yet provide benefit for agricultural uses. Additionally, the quantified hazards detected varied among struvite samples produced from different methods and sources, thus indicating that production methods could be a large factor in the risk associated with wastewater-recovered struvite. In all, coprecipitation of metals, fecal indicator bacteria, antimicrobial resistance genes, and human enteric viruses with struvite was shown to be likely, and future engineered wastewater systems producing struvite may require additional step(s) to manage these newly identified public health risks.
机译：受控鸟粪石（NH4MgPO4中心点6H（2）O）的沉淀已成为从废水处理系统中回收营养物以减轻逐渐减少的有限磷矿藏压力的众所周知的方法。但是，对潜在的微生物和化学危害的共沉淀了解很少。另一方面，抗菌素耐药性（AMR）是全球主要的公共卫生问题，废水被认为可在细菌内传播耐药性基因。粪便指示菌（FIB）通常用作治疗质量的量度，并与多重耐药性的大肠杆菌和肠球菌一起使用。日益受到关注的是，FIB的定量可作为评估AMR风险的一种初步方法。着眼于大规模生产的鸟粪石，采用培养和qPCR方法鉴定FIB，抗生素抗性基因和人类肠道病毒。最终产品。在潮湿和干燥鸟粪石样品中均检测到这些危害，表明存在潜在风险，需要进一步考虑。化学和生物学分析支持这样的想法，即其他废水成分的存在会通过离子和微生物干扰影响鸟粪石的形成。虽然重金属浓度符合当前的肥料标准，但钾，钠，钙和铁离子的存在会影响鸟粪石的纯度，但对农业用途却有利。此外，从不同方法和来源生产的鸟粪石样品中检测到的定量危害也有所不同，因此表明，生产方法可能是回收废水中鸟粪石相关风险的重要因素。总之，金属，粪便指示菌，抗微生物基因和人类肠道病毒与鸟粪石的共沉淀已被证明是可能的，未来生产鸟粪石的工程废水系统可能需要采取其他步骤来管理这些新发现的公共卫生风险。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2019年第9期|5378-5386|共9页
  • 作者

    Yee Rachel A.; Leifels Mats; Scott Candis; Ashbolt Nicholas J.; Liu Yang;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;

    Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Water & Environm Res ZWU, D-47057 Essen, Germany|Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;

    Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;

    Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;

    Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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