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Nanocluster Aerosol Emissions of a 3D Printer

机译：3D打印机的纳米簇气溶胶排放

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摘要

Many studies exist that characterize the aerosol emissions from fused filament fabrication three-dimensional (3D) printers. However, nanocluster aerosol (NCA) particles, that is particles in a size range under 3 nm, are rarely studied. The purpose of this study was to characterize the NCA emissions and the contribution of NCA to the total particle number emissions from a 3D printer. We used a particle size magnifier and a scanning mobility particle sizer to measure the time evolution of particle size distribution, which was used to calculate the average NCA emission rates during a printer operation in a chamber. The NCA emission rates ranged from 1.4 x 10(6) to 7.3 x 10(9) s(-1) depending on the applied combination of filament material and nozzle temperature, showing increasing emission with increasing temperature. The NCA emissions constitute from 9 to 48% of the total emissions, that is, almost half of the particle emissions may have been previously neglected. Therefore, it is essential to include the low NCA size range in, for example, future 3D-printer-testing protocols, emission measurement standards, and risk management measures.
机译：存在许多表征熔丝制造三维（3D）打印机的气溶胶排放特征的研究。但是，很少研究纳米簇气溶胶（NCA）颗粒，即尺寸范围在3 nm以下的颗粒。这项研究的目的是表征NCA排放以及NCA对3D打印机排放的总颗粒数的贡献。我们使用粒度放大器和扫描迁移率粒度仪来测量粒度分布的时间演变，该粒度分布用于计算在腔室内进行打印机操作期间的平均NCA发射率。 NCA排放速率范围从1.4 x 10（6）到7.3 x 10（9）s（-1），具体取决于所应用的灯丝材料和喷嘴温度的组合，显示出随温度升高而增加的排放。 NCA排放量占总排放量的9％至48％，也就是说，以前可能忽略了近一半的颗粒物排放量。因此，至关重要的是将低NCA尺寸范围包括在未来的3D打印机测试协议，排放测量标准和风险管理措施中。

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