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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Using Ultramicroporous Carbon for the Selective Removal of Nitrate with Capacitive Deionization
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Using Ultramicroporous Carbon for the Selective Removal of Nitrate with Capacitive Deionization

机译：使用超微孔碳通过电容去离子选择性去除硝酸盐

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摘要

The contamination of water resources with nitrate is a growing and significant problem. Here we report the use of ultramicroporous carbon as a capacitive deionization (CDI) electrode for selectively removing nitrate from an anion mixture. Through moderate activation, we achieve a micropore-size distribution consisting almost exclusively of narrow (<1 nm) pores that are well suited for adsorbing the planar, weakly hydrated nitrate molecule. Cyclic voltammetry measurements reveal an enhanced capacitance for nitrate when compared to chloride as well as significant ion sieving effects when sulfate is the only anion present. We measure high selectivities (S) of both nitrate over sulfate (S-NO3/SO4 = 17.8 +/- 3.6 at 0.6 V) and nitrate over chloride (S-NO3/Cl = 6.1 +/- 0.4 at 0.6 V) when performing a constant voltage CDI separation on 3.33 mM/3.33 mM/1.67 mM Cl/NO3/SO4 feedwater. These results are particularly encouraging considering that a divalent interferant was present in the feed. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we examine the solvation characteristics of these ions to better understand why nitrate is preferentially electrosorbed over sulfate and chloride.
机译：硝酸盐污染水资源是一个日益严重的问题。在这里，我们报告了超微孔碳作为电容性去离子（CDI）电极的用途，用于从阴离子混合物中选择性去除硝酸盐。通过适度的活化，我们获得了几乎完全由狭窄（<1 nm）孔组成的微孔大小分布，这些孔非常适合吸附平面的，弱水合的硝酸盐分子。循环伏安法测量显示，与氯离子相比，硝酸根离子的电容增强，当仅有硫酸根离子存在时，离子筛分效果显着。当执行时，我们测量了硝酸盐对硫酸盐（S-NO3 / SO4 = 17.8 +/- 3.6在0.6 V）和硝酸盐对氯化物（S-NO3 / Cl = 6.1 +/- 0.4在0.6 V）的高选择性（S）在3.33 mM / 3.33 mM / 1.67 mM Cl / NO3 / SO4给水上进行恒压CDI分离。考虑到饲料中存在二价干扰素，这些结果特别令人鼓舞。使用分子动力学模拟，我们检查了这些离子的溶剂化特征，以更好地理解为什么硝酸盐比硫酸盐和氯化物优先被电吸附。

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