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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Understanding Trends in Pesticide Volatilization from Agricultural Fields Using the Pesticide Loss via Volatilization Model
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Understanding Trends in Pesticide Volatilization from Agricultural Fields Using the Pesticide Loss via Volatilization Model

机译：使用农药损失模型通过挥发模型了解农业领域农药挥发的趋势

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摘要

The Pesticide Loss via Volatilization model was developed to predict and understand pesticide volatilization rates from a planted agricultural field. The model allows the user to adjust the properties of the pesticide, various soil and plant descriptors, and climatic conditions. A useful output from the model is the 24 h cumulative percentage volatilization (CPV_(24h)) loss. The model was validated by comparing modeled CPV_(24h) values to measured ones compiled from the literature. Sensitivity analysis showed that the plant intercept fraction (%I), leaf area index (LAI), and leaf height (h_(leaf)) strongly affect volatilization rates of plant- and soil-sorbed pesticides whereas LAI, h_(leaf), and the percent of water on the plant surface strongly affect more water-soluble pesticides. The model showed that most pesticides volatilize more readily from plants than from soil and that volatilization rates vary significantly for certain pesticides (but not all) when applied to plants at different growth stages and for different species of plants. Results are displayed on chemical space diagrams to paint a clear picture of how CPV_(24h) varies for chemicals with different properties under different conditions.
机译：开发了“通过挥发农药流失”模型，以预测和了解种植农田中的农药挥发率。该模型允许用户调整农药的特性，各种土壤和植物的特征以及气候条件。该模型的有用输出是24小时累积挥发百分比（CPV_（24h））损失。通过将建模的CPV_（24h）值与从文献中汇编的测量值进行比较，验证了模型的有效性。敏感性分析表明，植物截留率（％I），叶面积指数（LAI）和叶高（h_（叶））强烈影响植物和土壤吸附的农药的挥发速率，而LAI，h_（叶）和植物表面水分的百分比会强烈影响更多的水溶性农药。该模型表明，大多数农药从植物中挥发比从土壤中挥发更容易，而且某些农药（但不是全部）的挥发速率在施用于处于不同生长阶段的植物和不同物种的植物时，差异很大。结果显示在化学空间图上，以清晰显示CPV_（24h）在不同条件下具有不同特性的化学物质如何变化。

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