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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Modeling Particle Emissions from Three-Dimensional Printing with Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Polymer Filament
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Modeling Particle Emissions from Three-Dimensional Printing with Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Polymer Filament

机译：用丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物纤维丝三维打印模拟颗粒排放

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摘要

An eddy diffusion model using data from a desktop three-dimensioanl (3D) printer was developed under laboratory conditions and then coupled with Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the potential range of particulate concentrations in and around various industrial-size 3D printers, in this case large additive manufacturing processes using acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer feedstock. The model employed mass emission estimates determined from thermal gravimetric analysis and printer enclosure particle loss rates. Other model inputs included ranging terms for extrusion rate, temperature, print time, source-to-receiver distance, printer positions, particle size fraction, and environmental diffusivity estimates based on air changes per hour. Monte Carlo analysis bracketed measured environmental particulate concentrations associated with large-scale additive manufacturing processes (3D printing). Statistically, there was no difference between the average near-field particle concentrations measured and that of the model-derived average. However, the model began to vary more statistically, if not practically, from air-monitoring results in the far field. Diffusivity and extrusion rate emerged as the two most important variables in predicting environmental concentrations. This model can be used to estimate air concentrations over a range of varying conditions, such as one might employ in a "what if' type of evaluation to estimate employee exposure, for example, as a compliance effort with OSHA standard 29 CFR Part 1910.132, requiring a formal hazard assessment for work environments as a "before exposure" effort to determine if respiratory protection is needed.
机译：在实验室条件下，使用台式三维（3D）打印机的数据开发了涡流扩散模型，然后将其与蒙特卡洛分析相结合，以估计各种工业尺寸3D打印机中和周围的微粒浓度的潜在范围（在这种情况下较大）使用丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物原料的增材制造工艺。该模型采用从热重量分析和打印机外壳颗粒损失率确定的质量排放估算值。其他模型输入包括挤出速率，温度，打印时间，源到接收器的距离，打印机位置，粒度分数和基于每小时空气变化的环境扩散率估算等范围术语。蒙特卡洛分析将与大规模增材制造过程（3D打印）相关的测量环境颗粒物浓度括起来。从统计学上讲，测得的平均近场粒子浓度与模型得出的平均值之间没有差异。但是，该模型从远场的空气监测结果开始，如果不是实际的话，将在统计上发生变化。扩散率和挤出速率成为预测环境浓度的两个最重要的变量。此模型可用于估算一系列不同条件下的空气浓度，例如可以采用“假设”类型的评估来估算员工的暴露程度，例如，为了符合OSHA标准29 CFR Part 1910.132，需要对工作环境进行正式的危害评估，以此作为“接触前”的努力，以确定是否需要呼吸防护。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2019年第16期|9656-9663|共8页
  • 作者

    Zontek Tracy L.; Hollenbeck Scott; Jankovic John; Ogle Burton R.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Tampa 401 W Kennedy Blvd Tampa FL 33606 USA;

    Oak Ridge Natl Lab Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci POB 2008 MS 6487 Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA;

    Western Carolina Univ 4121 Little Savannah Rd Cullowhee NC 28723 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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