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Enrichment of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in a Nitrogen-Deficient Wastewater Treatment System

机译：氮缺乏废水处理系统中固氮细菌的富集

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摘要

Anthropogenic nitrogen fixation is essential to sustain a global population of 7.7 billion. However, there has been a long-standing desire to find cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternatives to the Haber-Bosch process. In this study, we developed a new strategy of nitrogen fixation by enriching free-living N_2-fixing bacteria (NFB) in reactors fed with low nitrogen wastewater, analogous to those usually found in certain industrial effluents such as paper mills. Our reactors fixed appreciable quantities of nitrogen with a rate of 11.8 mg N L~(-1) day~(-1). This rate is comparable to recent "breakthrough" nitrogen-fixing technologies and far higher than observed in low C/N reactors (fed with organic matter and nitrogen). NFB were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of the nifH (marker gene used to identify biological nitrogen fixation) and 16S rRNA genes. The nifH gene was enriched by a factor of 10 in the nitrogen-fixing reactors (compared to controls) attaining 13% of the bacterial population (1:4.2 copies of nifH to 16S rRNA). The Illumina MiSeq J6S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of reactors showed that the microbial community was dominated (19%) by Clostridium pasteurianum. We envisage that nitrogen-enriched biomass could potentially be used as a biofertilizer and that the treated wastewater could be released to the environment with very little post-treatment.
机译：人为固氮对于维持全球77亿人口至关重要。然而，长期以来一直希望找到哈伯-博世工艺更便宜，更环保的替代品。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种新的固氮策略，方法是在低氮废水供入的反应器中富集自由活动的固氮菌（NFB），这与某些工业废水（如造纸厂）中常见的类似。我们的反应器以11.8 mg N L〜（-1）天〜（-1）的速率固定了相当数量的氮。该速率可与最近的“突破性”固氮技术相媲美，并且远远高于在低C / N反应器（由有机物和氮气喂养）中观察到的速率。使用nifH（用于鉴定生物固氮的标记基因）和16S rRNA基因的定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）对NFB进行定量。 nifH基因在固氮反应器（与对照相比）中富集了10倍，达到细菌种群的13％（nifH与16S rRNA的1：4.2拷贝）。反应器的Illumina MiSeq J6S rRNA基因扩增子测序表明，巴氏梭菌对微生物群落的控制作用最大（19％）。我们设想，富氮生物质可以潜在地用作生物肥料，并且经过处理的废水可以在很少进行后处理的情况下释放到环境中。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2020年第6期|3539-3548|共10页
  • 作者

    Carolina Ospina-Betancourth; Kishor Acharya; Ben Allen; Jim Entwistle; Ian M. Head; Janeth Sanabria; Thomas P. Curtis;

  • 作者单位

    School of Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK.;

    School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NEl 7RU U.K.;

    Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory Engineering School of Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering Faculty Universidad del Valle Cali 76001 Colombia;

    School of Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NEl 7RU U.K.;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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