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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Contrasting Temporal Patterns of Mercury, Niche Dynamics, and Body Fat Indices of Polar Bears and Ringed Seals in a Melting Icescape
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Contrasting Temporal Patterns of Mercury, Niche Dynamics, and Body Fat Indices of Polar Bears and Ringed Seals in a Melting Icescape

机译：冰川融化中北极熊和环状海豹的汞，利基动力学和体脂指数的对比时间模式

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摘要

Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and ringed seals (Pusa hispida) have a strong predator-prey relationship and are facing climate-associated Arctic habitat loss and harmful dietary exposure to total mercury (THg) and other pollutants. However, little is known about whether both species inhabiting the same area exhibit similar temporal patterns in Hg concentration, niche dynamics, and body fat indices. We used THg, δ~(13)C, and δ~(15)N values of western Hudson Bay polar bear hair (2004—2016) and ringed seal muscle samples (2003—2015) to investigate temporal trends of these variables and multidimensional niche metrics, as well as body fat indices for both species. We found a decline in THg concentration (by 3.8% per year) and δ~(13)C (by 1.5‰) in ringed seals suggesting a change in feeding habits and carbon source use over time, whereas no significant changes occurred in polar bears. In contrast, the polar bear 3-dimensional niche size decreased by nearly half with no change in ringed seal niche size. The δ~(13)C spacing between both species increased by approximately 1.5X suggesting different responses to annual changes in sympagic-pelagic carbon source production. Ringed seal body fat index was higher in years of earlier sea ice breakup with no change occurring in polar bears. These findings indicate that both species are responding differendy to a changing environment suggesting a possible weakening of their predator—prey relationship in western Hudson Bay.
机译：北极熊（Ursus maritimus）和环斑海豹（Pusa hispida）具有很强的食肉动物与猎物关系，正面临着与气候相关的北极栖息地丧失以及膳食中总汞（THg）和其他污染物的有害暴露。然而，关于居住在同一地区的两种物种在汞浓度，生态位动态和体脂指数方面是否表现出相似的时间模式，鲜为人知。我们使用西部哈德逊湾北极熊毛发（2004-2016）和环形海豹肌肉样本（2003-2015）的THg，δ〜（13）C和δ〜（15）N值来研究这些变量和多维的时间趋势生态位指标，以及两种物种的体脂指数。我们发现环状海豹中的THg浓度（每年下降3.8％）和δ〜（13）C（下降1.5‰）下降，表明喂养习惯和碳源使用随时间发生了变化，而北极熊则没有发生显着变化。相比之下，北极熊3维生态位的大小减少了近一半，而环状海豹生态位的大小没有变化。两个物种之间的δ〜（13）C间距增加了约1.5倍，表明对共生上浮碳源产量的年度变化有不同的响应。在较早的海冰破裂年份中，环状海豹体脂肪指数较高，而北极熊未发生变化。这些发现表明，这两种物种对不断变化的环境都有不同的反应，表明它们在哈德逊湾西部的天敌与猎物关系可能减弱。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2020年第5期|2780-2789|共10页
  • 作者

    David J. Yurkowski; Evan S. Richardson; Nicholas J. Lunn; Derek C.G. Muir; Amy C. Johnson; Andrew E. Derocher; Ashley D. Ehrman; Magali Houde; Brent G. Young; Cassandra D. Debets; Luana Sciullo; Gregory W. Thiemann; Steven H. Ferguson;

  • 作者单位

    University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba MB R3T 2N2 Canada Fisheries and Oceans Canada Winnipeg Manitoba MB R3T 2N6 Canada;

    Environment and Climate Change Canada Winnipeg Manitoba MB R3B 2B4 Canada;

    Environment and Climate Change Canada Edmonton Alberta AB T5J 0J4 Canada;

    Environment and Climate Change Canada Burlington Ontario ON L7S IA1 Canada;

    University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta AB T6G 2R3 Canada;

    Fisheries and Oceans Canada Winnipeg Manitoba MB R3T 2N6 Canada;

    Environment and Climate Change Canada Montreal Quebec QC H2Y 2E7 Canada;

    University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba MB R3T 2N2 Canada;

    York University Toronto Ontario ON M3J 1P3 Canada;

    York University Toronto Ontario ON M3J 193 Canada;

    Fisheries and Oceans Canada Winnipeg Manitoba MB R3T 2N6 Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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