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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Microbial Source Tracking Using 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing Identifies Evidence of Widespread Contamination from Young Children's Feces in an Urban Slum of Nairobi, Kenya
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Microbial Source Tracking Using 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing Identifies Evidence of Widespread Contamination from Young Children's Feces in an Urban Slum of Nairobi, Kenya

机译：使用16S rRNA扩增子测序的微生物源跟踪确定了肯尼亚的内罗毕城市贫民窟幼儿粪便普遍污染的证据

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摘要

Child exposure to fecal contamination remains common in low- and middle-income countries after sanitation interventions. Unsafe disposal of children's feces may contribute to this continued exposure, but its relative importance to domestic fecal contamination is not well understood. To address this gap, we interviewed and collected environmental samples (drinking water, caregiver hands, child hands, surfaces, soil, open drainage ditches, standing water, streams) from 40 households in Kibera, an urban slum in Nairobi, Kenya. To track young children's feces (3 years old) separately from other human-associated fecal sources, we validated distance-based and Bayesian (SourceTracker) microbial source tracking methods using amplicon-based sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Contamination by young children's feces could be identified and distinguished separately from older child/adult feces with high sensitivity and specificity in water and soil. Among environmental samples, young children's feces were almost always identified as the dominant source of human fecal contamination inside households (hands, surfaces) whereas older children/adult feces were often identified as the dominant source outside households (standing water, streams, soil). Markers for young children's feces were also detected in standing water and streams, and markers for both fecal sources were equally likely to be dominant in open ditches. These results establish motivation for sanitation interventions that directly address child feces management.
机译：在卫生干预后，儿童接触粪便污染仍然是低收入和中等收入国家的常见。儿童粪便不安全可能有助于这种持续接触，但其对国内粪便污染的重视并不充分了解。为了解决这一差距，我们采访和收集了环境样本（饮用水，护理人员手，儿童手，表面，土壤，敞开的排水沟，肯雅，肯尼亚的城市贫民窟的40户羊毛池中的40户。从其他人类相关的粪便源分开跟踪幼儿粪便（<3岁），我们使用16S rRNA基因的基于扩增子的测序验证了基于距离和贝叶斯（Sourcetracker）微生物源跟踪方法。幼儿粪便的污染可以分开鉴定和区分，具有高敏感性和水土中具有高敏感性和特异性的较高的儿童/成人粪便。在环境样本中，幼儿的粪便几乎总是被确定为家庭内部人类粪便污染的主要来源（手，表面），而年龄较大的儿童/成人粪便通常被识别为外部家庭外的主要来源（常设水，流，土壤）。在常驻水和流中也检测到幼儿粪便的标记，并且粪便源的标记同样可能在开沟中占主导地位。这些结果建立了直接解决儿童粪便管理的卫生干预措施的动力。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2019年第14期|8271-8281|共11页
  • 作者

    Bauza Valerie; Madadi Vincent; Ocharo Robinson M.; Nguyen Thanh H.; Guest Jeremy S.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Illinois Dept Civil & Environm Engn Urbana IL 61801 USA;

    Univ Nairobi Dept Chem Nairobi 00100 Kenya;

    Univ Nairobi Dept Sociol & Social Work Nairobi 00100 Kenya;

    Univ Illinois Dept Civil & Environm Engn Urbana IL 61801 USA;

    Univ Illinois Dept Civil & Environm Engn Urbana IL 61801 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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