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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Adaptation of Human Enterovirus to Warm Environments Leads to Resistance against Chlorine Disinfection
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Adaptation of Human Enterovirus to Warm Environments Leads to Resistance against Chlorine Disinfection

机译：人体肠道病毒适应温暖的环境导致抗氯消毒的抵抗力

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摘要

Sunlight, temperature, and microbial grazing are among the environmental factors promoting the inactivation of viral pathogens in surface waters. Globally, these factors vary across time and space. The persistence of viral pathogens, and ultimately their ecology and dispersion, hinges on their ability to withstand the environmental conditions encountered. To understand how virus populations evolve under changing environmental conditions, we experimentally adapted echovirus 11 (E11) to four climate regimes. Specifically, we incubated Ell in lake water at 10 and 30 °C and in the presence and absence of sunlight. Temperature was the main driver of adaptation, resulting in an increased thermotolerance of the 30 °C adapted populations, whereas the 10 °C adapted strains were rapidly inactivated at higher temperatures. This finding is consistent with a source-sink model in which strains emerging in warm climates can persist in temperate regions, but not vice versa. A microbial risk assessment revealed that the enhanced thermotolerance increases the length of time in which there is an elevated probability of illness associated with swimming in contaminated water. Notably, 30 °C-adapted viruses also exhibited an increased tolerance toward disinfection by free chlorine. Viruses adapting to warm environments may thus become harder to eliminate by common disinfection strategies.
机译：阳光，温度和微生物放牧是促进表面水域中病毒病原体失活的环境因素之一。在全球范围内，这些因素因时间和空间而异。病毒病原体的持续性，最终铰接在他们承受遇到的环境条件的能力。要了解病毒群体如何在不断变化的环境条件下进化，我们通过实验调整Echovirus 11（E11）至四个气候制度。具体而言，我们在湖水中在10和30°C和阳光下孵育湖水中的ell。温度是适应的主要驱动器，导致30°C适应群体的热电势增加，而在较高温度下，10℃适应的菌株迅速灭活。这一发现与源水槽模型一致，其中温暖气候中出现的菌株可以持续存在于温带地区，但不反之亦然。微生物风险评估显示，增强的热能增加了与污染水中游泳相关的疾病升高概率的时间长度。值得注意的是，30°C适应的病毒也表现出对通过自由氯对消毒的耐受性增加。因此，适应温暖环境的病毒可能因共同的消毒策略而难以消除。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2020年第18期|11292-11300|共9页
  • 作者

    Anna Carratala; Virginie Bachmann; Timothy R. Julian; Tamar Kohn;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC) Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland;

    Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC) Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-W1S Lausanne Switzerland;

    Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Duebendorf 8600 Switzerland Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel 4051 Switzerland University of Basel Basel 4051 Switzerland;

    Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC) Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne (EPFL) Chi-1015 Lausanne Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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