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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Chronic Exposure to Low Concentration of Graphene Oxide Increases Bacterial Pathogenicity via the Envelope Stress Response
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Chronic Exposure to Low Concentration of Graphene Oxide Increases Bacterial Pathogenicity via the Envelope Stress Response

机译：慢性暴露于低浓度的石墨烯氧化物通过包络应力反应增加了细菌致病性

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摘要

Graphene oxide (GO), which has diverse antimicrobial mechanisms, is a promising material to address antibiotic resistance. Considering the emergence of antibiotic tolerance/ resistance due to prolonged exposure to sublethal antibiotics, it is imperative to assess the microbiological effects and related adaptive mechanisms under chronic exposure to sublethal levels of GO, which have rarely been explored. After repetitive exposure to 5 mg/L GO for 200 subcultures (400 days), evolved Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells (E_(GO)) differed significantly from their ancestor cells according to transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Contact with GO surfaces transformed E. coli by activating the Cpx envelope stress response (ESR), resulting in more than twofold greater extracellular protease release and biofilm formation. The ESR also modulated the envelope structure and function via increases in membrane fluidity, permeation, and lipopolysaccharide content to rulhll growth requirements and combat envelope stress. As a consequence of metabolic adjustment, E_(GO) cells showed advantages of surviving in an acidic and oxidative environment, which resembles the cytosol of host cells. With these adaptive features, E_(GO) cells exhibited higher pathogenicity than ancestor E. coli cells as evidenced by increased bacterial invasion and intracellular survival and a more severe inflammatory response in macrophage cells. To conclude, we seek to raise awareness of the possible occurrence of microbial adaptation to antimicrobial nanomaterials, which may be implicated in cross-adaptation to harsh environments and eventually the prevalence of virulence.
机译：具有多种抗微生物机制的石墨烯氧化物（GO）是一种有希望的材料，以解决抗生素抗性。考虑到抗生素耐受性/抗性的出现，由于长期暴露于亚致偶联剂，必须评估慢性暴露于止血水平的微生物效应和相关的自适应机制，这很少被探索。在重复暴露于5 mg / L之前，转到200个潜水（400天），进化的大肠杆菌（大肠杆菌）细胞（E_（GO））根据转录组和代谢组分分析从其祖先细胞显着不同。通过激活CPX包络应力响应（ESR），与GO表面接触转换大肠杆菌，导致多个细胞外蛋白酶释放和生物膜形成。 ESR还通过膜流动性，渗透和脂多糖含量的增加调节包络结构和功能，并使脂多糖含量增加到Rulhll生长要求和战斗包络应力。由于代谢调整的结果，E_（GO）细胞显示出在酸性和氧化环境中存活的优点，其类似于宿主细胞的胞嘧啶。通过这些自适应特征，E_（GO）细胞表现出比祖先大肠杆菌细胞更高的致病性，如提高的细菌侵袭和细胞内存活以及在巨噬细胞中更严重的炎症反应。为了得出结论，寻求提高对抗微生物纳米材料可能出现的微生物适应的认识，这可能与恶劣环境的交叉适应含义，最终毒力普及。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2020年第19期|12412-12422|共11页
  • 作者

    Qiurong Zhang; Chengdong Zhang;

  • 作者单位

    School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100857 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China;

    School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100857 China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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