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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >COPTEM: A Model to Investigate the Factors Driving Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation Emissions
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COPTEM: A Model to Investigate the Factors Driving Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation Emissions

机译：COPTEM：调查导致原油管道运输排放量增加的因素的模型

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src="http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2018/esthag.2018.52.issue-1/acs.est.7b03398/20171226/images/medium/es-2017-033985_0005.gif">Previous transportation fuel life cycle assessment studies have not fully accounted for the full variability in the crude oil transport stage, for example, transporting a light crude through a high-diameter pipeline, vs transporting a heavy crude through a small-diameter pipeline. We develop a first-principles, fluid mechanics-based crude oil pipeline transportation emissions model (COPTEM) that calculates the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with pipeline transport as a function of crude oil parameters, pipeline dimensions, and external factors. Additionally, we estimate the emissions associated with the full life cycle of pipeline construction, maintenance, and disposal. This model is applied to an inventory of 62 major Canadian and U.S. pipelines (capacity greater than 100 000 barrels/day) to estimate the variability of GHG emissions associated with pipeline transportation. We demonstrate that pipeline GHG emissions intensities range from 0.23 to 20.3 g CO2e/(bbl·km), exhibiting considerably greater variability than data reported in other studies. A sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the linear velocity of crude transport and pipeline diameter are the most impactful parameters driving this variability. To illustrate one example of how COPTEM can be used, we develop an energy efficiency gap analysis to investigate the possibilities for more efficient pipeline transport of crude oil.
机译：src =“ http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2018/esthag.2018.52.issue-1/acs.est.7b03398/20171226/images/medium /es-2017-033985_0005.gif“>先前的运输燃料生命周期评估研究并未完全考虑到原油运输阶段的全部可变性，例如，通过高直径管道运输轻质原油，而不是通过重型管道运输轻质原油。原油通过小直径管道。我们开发了基于流体力学的第一性原理的原油管道运输排放模型（COPTEM），该模型计算与管道运输相关的温室气体（GHG）排放，该函数是原油参数，管道尺寸和外部因素的函数。此外，我们估算与管道建设，维护和处置的整个生命周期相关的排放。该模型适用于加拿大和美国的62条主要管道（日处理能力大于100 000桶/天）的清单，以估算与管道运输相关的温室气体排放量的变化性。我们证明了管道温室气体排放强度的范围为0.23至20.3 g CO 2 e /（bbl·km），与其他研究报告的数据相比，变异性更大。敏感性分析表明，原油运输的线速度和管道直径是驱动这种变化的最有影响力的参数。为了说明如何使用COPTEM的一个示例，我们进行了能效差距分析，以研究更有效地输送原油的可能性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2018年第1期|337-345|共9页
  • 作者

    Nicolas Choquette-Levy; Margaret Zhong; Heather MacLean; Joule Bergerson;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4;

    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A4;

    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A4;

    Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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