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Unequal Exchange of Air Pollution and Economic Benefits Embodied in China's Exports

机译:中国出口体现的空气污染与经济利益交换不均

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摘要

As the world’s factory, China has enjoyed huge economic benefits from international export but also suffered severe environmental consequences. Most studies investigating unequal environmental exchange associated with trade took China as a homogeneous entity ignoring considerable inequality and outsourcing of pollution within China. This paper traces the regional mismatch of export-induced economic benefits and environmental costs along national supply chains by using the latest multiregional input-output model and emission inventory for 2012. The results indicate that approximately 56% of the national GDP induced by exports has been received by developed coastal regions, while about 72% of air pollution embodied in national exports, measured as aggregated atmospheric pollutant equivalents (APE), has been mainly incurred by less developed central and western regions. For each yuan of export-induced GDP, developed regions only incurred 0.4–0.6 g APE emissions, whereas less developed regions from western or central China had to suffer 4–8 times the amount of emissions. This is due to poorer regions providing lower value added and higher emission-intensive inputs and having lower environmental standards and less efficient technologies. Our results may pave a way to mitigate the unequal relationship between developed and less developed regions from the perspective of environment-economy nexus.
机译:作为世界工厂,中国从国际出口中获得了巨大的经济利益,但同时也遭受了严重的环境后果。大多数调查与贸易有关的不平等环境交换的研究都将中国视为同质实体,而忽略了中国内部严重的不平等和污染外包。本文通过使用最新的多区域投入产出模型和2012年的排放清单,追踪了沿国家供应链的出口诱发的经济利益和环境成本的区域失配。结果表明,出口造成的国民生产总值中约56%发达沿海地区收到的空气污染,而以总大气污染物当量(APE)衡量,全国出口中约有72%的空气污染主要是由欠发达的中西部地区引起的。对于出口引起的GDP的每一元,发达地区仅产生0.4-0.6 g APE排放,而来自中国西部或中部的欠发达地区的排放量却是其4-8倍。这是由于较贫困的地区提供的附加值较低,排放密集型投入较高,环境标准较低,技术效率较低。从环境经济联系的角度来看,我们的结果可能为减轻发达地区与欠发达地区之间的不平等关系铺平道路。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2018年第7期|3888-3898|共11页
  • 作者单位

    State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;

    Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States,Department of Environmental Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic;

    Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China;

    Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States;

    School of Government, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China;

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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