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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Biogas Stoves Reduce Firewood Use, Household Air Pollution, and Hospital Visits in Odisha, India
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Biogas Stoves Reduce Firewood Use, Household Air Pollution, and Hospital Visits in Odisha, India

机译：在印度奥里萨邦，沼气炉减少了柴火的使用，家庭空气污染和医院就诊

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摘要

Traditional cooking using biomass is associated with ill health, local environmental degradation, and regional climate change. Clean stoves (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), biogas, and electric) are heralded as a solution, but few studies have demonstrated their environmental health benefits in field settings. We analyzed the impact of mainly biogas (as well as electric and LPG) stove use on social, environmental, and health outcomes in two districts in Odisha, India, where the Indian government has promoted household biogas. We established a cross-sectional observational cohort of 105 households that use either traditional mud stoves or improved cookstoves (ICS). Our multidisciplinary team conducted surveys, environmental air sampling, fuel weighing, and health measurements. We examined associations between traditional or improved stove use and primary outcomes, stratifying households by proximity to major industrial plants. ICS use was associated with 91% reduced use of ñrewood (p < 0.01), substantial time savings tor primary cooks, a 72% reduction in PM_(2.5), a 78% reduction in PAH levels, and significant reductions in water-soluble organic carbon and nitrogen (p < 0.01) in household air samples. ICS use was associated with reduced time in the hospital with acute respiratory infection and reduced diasτoic blood pressure but not with other health measurements. We find many significant gains from promoting rural biogas stoves in a context in which traditional stove use persists, although pollution levels in ICS households still remained above WHO guidelines.
机译：使用生物质的传统烹饪与健康不良，当地环境恶化以及区域气候变化有关。清洁炉灶（液化石油气（LPG），沼气和电炉）被认为是一种解决方案，但是很少有研究表明它们在野外环境中具有健康益处。我们分析了印度奥里萨邦两个地区主要使用沼气（以及电和液化石油气）灶具对社会，环境和健康状况的影响，印度政府在该地区推广了家用沼气。我们建立了一个横断面观察队列，其中有105个家庭使用传统的泥炉或改良的炉灶（ICS）。我们的多学科团队进行了调查，环境空气采样，燃油称重和健康测量。我们研究了传统或改进的灶具使用与主要结果之间的关联，通过靠近主要工厂的方式将家庭分层。 ICS的使用与以下方面有关：ñrewood的使用减少了91％（p <0.01），初级厨师的大量时间节省，PM_（2.5）减少了72％，PAH含量减少了78％以及水溶性有机物的大量减少家用空气样本中的碳和氮（p <0.01）。 ICS的使用与医院因急性呼吸道感染而减少的时间和降低的血压有关，但与其他健康指标无关。我们发现，在传统的灶具继续使用的背景下，推广农村沼气灶具可取得许多重大收益，尽管ICS家庭的污染水平仍高于WHO的指导标准。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第1期|560-569|共10页
  • 作者

    Jessica J. Lewis; John W. Hollingsworth; Ryan T. Chartier; Ellen M. Cooper; William Michael Foster; Genna L. Gomes; Peter S. Kussin; John J. Maclnnis; Bijaya K. Padhi; Pinaki Panigrahi; Charles E. Rodes; Ian T. Ryde; Ashok K. Singha; Heather M. Stapleton; Jonathan thornburg; Cora J. Young; Joel N. Meyer; Subhrendu K. Pattanayak;

  • 作者单位

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Department of Medicine, Duke University, 106 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States;

    RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States;

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Department of Medicine, Duke University, 106 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States;

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Department of Medicine, Duke University, 106 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States;

    Memorial University, St. John's, P.O. Box 4200, Newfoundland A1C 5S7, Canada;

    Asian Institute of Public Health, 1037, Sriram Nagar, Old Town, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751002, India;

    Center for Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984341 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States;

    RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States;

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    CTRAN Consulting, A1-A2, Lewis Plaza, Lewis Road, Bhubaneswar 751014, India;

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States;

    Memorial University, St. John's, P.O. Box 4200, Newfoundland A1C 5S7, Canada;

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States ,Sanford School of Public Policy, 201 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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