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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Evolution of In-Cylinder Diesel Engine Soot and Emission Characteristics Investigated with Online Aerosol Mass Spectrometry
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Evolution of In-Cylinder Diesel Engine Soot and Emission Characteristics Investigated with Online Aerosol Mass Spectrometry

机译：在线气溶胶质谱法研究缸内柴油机烟灰的演变和排放特性

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摘要

To design diesel engines with low environ-mental impact, it is important to link health and climate-relevant soot (black carbon) emission characteristics to specific combustion conditions. The in-cylinder evolution of soot properties over the combustion cycle and as a function of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) was investigated in a modern heavy-duty diesel engine. A novel combination of a fast gas-sampling valve and a soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) enabled online measurements of the in cylinder soot chemistry. The results show that EGR reduced the soot formation rate. However, the late cycle soot oxidation rate (soot removal) was reduced even more, and the net effect was increased soot emissions. EGR resulted in an accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during combustion, and led to increased PAH emissions. We show that mass spectral and optical signatures of the in-cyinder soot and associated low volatility organics change dramatically from the soot formation dominated phase to the soot oxidation dominated phase. These signatures include a class of fullerene carbon clusters that we hypothesize represent less graphitized, C_5-containing fullerenic (high tortuosity or curved) soot nanostructures arising from decreased combustion temperatures and increased premixing of air and fuel with EGR. Altered soot properties are of key importance when designing emission control strategies such as diesel particulate filters and when introducing novel biofuels.
机译：为了设计对环境影响小的柴油发动机，将健康和与气候相关的烟灰（黑碳）排放特性与特定的燃烧条件联系起来非常重要。在现代重型柴油机中，研究了烟尘特性在整个燃烧循环中的缸内演变以及与废气再循环（EGR）的关系。快速气体采样阀和烟灰颗粒气溶胶质谱仪（SP-AMS）的新颖结合，可以在线测量缸内烟灰化学成分。结果表明，EGR降低了烟灰形成速率。但是，后期循环的烟尘氧化速率（烟尘去除）甚至进一步降低，并且净效应增加了烟尘排放。 EGR导致燃烧过程中多环芳烃（PAH）的积累，并导致PAH排放增加。我们表明，缸内烟灰和相关的低挥发性有机物的质谱和光学特征从烟灰形成为主阶段到烟灰氧化为主阶段发生了巨大变化。这些特征包括一类富勒烯碳簇，我们假设它们代表了石墨化程度较低，含碳原子数为5的富勒烯（高曲折度或弯曲）烟灰纳米结构，这是由于燃烧温度降低以及空气和燃料与EGR的预混合增加而引起的。当设计排放控制策略（例如柴油机微粒过滤器）和引入新型生物燃料时，改变烟灰特性至关重要。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第3期|1876-1685|共192页
  • 作者

    V. B. Malmborg; A. C. Eriksson; M. Shen; P. Nilsson; Y. Gallo; B. Waldheim; J. Martinsson; Ö. Andersson; J. Pagels;

  • 作者单位

    Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden;

    Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden ,Division of Nuclear Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden;

    Division of Combustion Engines, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden;

    Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden;

    Division of Combustion Engines, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden;

    Fluid and Combustion Simulations, Engine Development, Scania CV AB, SE-151 87, Södertälje, Sweden;

    Division of Nuclear Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden;

    Division of Combustion Engines, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden;

    Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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