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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >System-wide and Superemitter Policy Options for the Abatement of Methane Emissions from the U.S. Natural Gas System
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System-wide and Superemitter Policy Options for the Abatement of Methane Emissions from the U.S. Natural Gas System

机译：减少美国天然气系统甲烷排放的全系统范围和超级排放者政策选择

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摘要

This work assesses trade-offs between system-wide and superemitter policy options for reducing methane emissions from compressor stations in the U.S. transmission and storage system. Leveraging recently collected national emissions and activity data sets, we developed a new process-based emissions model implemented in a Monte Carlo simulation framework to estimate emissions for each component and facility in the system. We find that approximately 83% of emissions, given the existing suite of technologies, have the potential to be abated, with only a few emission categories comprising a majority of emissions. We then formulate optimization models to determine optimal abatement strategies. Most emissions across the system (approximately 80%) are efficient to abate, resulting in net benefits ranging from $160M to $1.2B annually across the system. The private cost burden is minimal under standard and tax instruments, and if firms market the abated natural gas, private net benefits may be generated. Superemitter policies, namely, those that target the highest emitting facilities, may reduce the private cost burden and achieve high emission reductions, especially if emissions across facilities are highly skewed. However, detection across all facilities is necessary regardless of the policy option and there are nontrivial net benefits resulting from abatement of relatively low-emitting sources.
机译：这项工作评估了全系统范围和超级发射器策略选项之间的权衡，以减少美国传输和存储系统中压缩机站的甲烷排放。利用最近收集的国家排放和活动数据集，我们开发了一个新的基于过程的排放模型，该模型在蒙特卡洛模拟框架中实现，以估算系统中每个组件和设施的排放。我们发现，在现有技术套件的基础上，约有83％的排放物有减排的潜力，只有少数排放物类别占了大部分排放物。然后，我们制定优化模型来确定最佳减排策略。整个系统中的大多数排放量（大约80％）都可以有效降低，从而导致整个系统每年的净收益从$ 160M到$ 1.2B不等。在标准和税收工具下，私人成本负担最小，并且，如果公司销售减排的天然气，则可以产生私人净收益。超级发射器政策，即针对排放量最高的设施的政策，可以减轻私人成本负担并实现较高的减排量，尤其是在设施之间的排放量高度倾斜的情况下。但是，无论采取何种政策选择，都必须在所有设施中进行检测，并且由于排放量相对较低，可以带来不小的净收益。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第9期|4772-4780|共9页
  • 作者

    Erin N. Mayfield; Allen L. Robinson; Jared L. Cohon;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Center for Air, Climate, and Energy Solutions (CACES) and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Scott Institute for Energy Innovation, Department of Engineering and Public Policy, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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