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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Total Mercury and Methylmercury Response in Water, Sediment, and Biota to Destratifkation of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, United States
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Total Mercury and Methylmercury Response in Water, Sediment, and Biota to Destratifkation of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, United States

机译：美国犹他州大盐湖水，沉积物和生物区中总汞和甲基汞对分解的响应

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摘要

Measurements of chemical and physical parameters made before and after sealing of culverts in the railroad causeway spanning the Great Salt Lake in late 2013 documented dramatic alterations in the system in response to the elimination of flow between the Great Salt Lake's north and south arms. The flow of denser, more-saline water through the culverts from the north arm (Gunnison Bay) to the south arm (Gilbert Bay) previously drove the perennial stratification of the south arm and the existence of oxic shallow brine and anoxic deep brine layers. Closure of the causeway culverts occurred concurrently with a multiyear drought that resulted in a decrease in the lake elevation and a concomitant increase in top-down erosion of the upper surface of the deep brine layer by wind-forced mixing. The combination of these events resulted in the replacement of the formerly stratified water column in the south arm with one that was vertically homogeneous and oxic. Total mercury concentrations in the deep waters of the south arm decreased by approximately 81% and methylmercury concentrations in deep waters decreased by roughly 86% due to destratification. Methylmercury concentrations decreased by 77% in underlying surficial sediment, whereas there was no change observed in total mercury. The dramatic mercury loss from deep waters and methylmercury loss from underlying sediment in response to causeway sealing provides new understanding of the potential role of the deep brine layer in the accumulation and persistence of methylmercury in the Great Salt Lake. Additional mercury measurements in biota appear to contradict the previously implied connection between elevated methylmercury concentrations in the deep brine layer and elevated mercury in avian species reported prior to causeway sealing.
机译：2013年底对跨越大盐湖的铁路堤道中的涵洞进行密封之前和之后进行的化学和物理参数测量表明，由于消除了大盐湖南北两臂之间的水流，系统发生了重大变化。较稠密，较咸的水从北臂（Gunnison湾）流向南臂（吉尔伯特湾）的涵洞，以前曾导致南臂的多年生分层，以及有氧浅层盐水和缺氧深层盐水的存在。堤道涵道的关闭与多年干旱同时发生，这导致了湖面高程的减小，以及由于强风混合导致深层盐水层上表面自上而下的侵蚀增加。这些事件的结合导致南臂以前分层的水柱被垂直均质且有氧的柱代替。由于分层，南臂深水区的总汞浓度下降了约81％，深水区的甲基汞浓度下降了约86％。底层表层沉积物中的甲基汞浓度下降了77％，而总汞中没有发现变化。由于堤道封闭，深水中汞的大量流失和下层沉积物中甲基汞的流失导致对堤道封闭的反应，使人们对深盐层在大盐湖中甲基汞的积累和持久性中的潜在作用有了新的认识。在生物区系中进行额外的汞测量似乎与先前暗含的深层盐水中甲基汞浓度升高与在堤道密封之前报告的禽类中汞升高之间的隐含联系相抵触。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第9期|4887-4896|共10页
  • 作者

    Carla Valdes; Frank J. Black; Blair Stringham; Jeffrey N. Collins; James R. Goodman; Heidi J. Saxton; Christopher R. Mansfield; Joshua N. Schmidt; Shu Yang; William P. Johnson;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105, United States;

    Division of Wildlife Resources, Utah Department of Natural Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah 84114, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah 84105, United States;

    Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States;

    Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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