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Effect of VOC Emissions from Vegetation on Air Quality in Berlin during a Heatwave

机译：热浪期间柏林植被VOC排放对空气质量的影响

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摘要

The potential of emissions from urban vegetation combined with anthropogenic emissions to produce ozone and particulate matter has long been recognized. This potential increases with rising temperatures and may lead to severe problems with air quality in densely populated areas during heat waves. Here, we investigate how heat waves affect emissions of volatile organic compounds from urban/suburban vegetation and corresponding ground-level ozone and particulate matter. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with atmospheric chemistry (WRF-Chem) with emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from vegetation simulated with MEGAN to quantify some of these feedbacks in Berlin, Germany, during the heat wave in 2006. The highest ozone concentration observed during that period was ~200µg/m~3 (~101 ppb_v). The model simulations indicate that the contribution of biogenic VOC emissions to ozone formation is lower in June (9-11%) and August (6—9%) than in July (17—20%). On particular days within the analyzed heat wave period, this contribution increases up to 60%. The actual contribution is expected to be even higher as the model underestimates isoprene concentrations over urban forests and parks by 0.6—1.4 ppb_v Our study demonstrates that biogenic VOCs can considerably enhance air pollution during heat waves. We emphasize the dual role of vegetation for air quality and human health in cities during warm seasons, which is removal and lessening versus enhancement of air pollution. The results of our study suggest that reduction of anthropogenic sources of NOx, VOCs, and PM, for example, reduction of the motorized vehicle fleet, would have to accompany urban tree planting campaigns to make them really beneficial for urban dwellers.
机译：人们早已认识到城市植被的排放与人为排放相结合产生臭氧和颗粒物的潜力。随着温度的升高，这种潜力会增加，并可能导致热浪期间人口稠密地区的空气质量出现严重问题。在这里，我们研究热浪如何影响城市/郊区植被中挥发性有机化合物的排放以及相应的地面臭氧和颗粒物。我们将天气研究和预报模型与大气化学（WRF-Chem）结合使用，并用MEGAN模拟了植被中挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的排放，以量化2006年热浪期间德国柏林的一些此类反馈。在此期间观察到的臭氧浓度为〜200µg / m〜3（〜101 ppb_v）。模型模拟表明，6月（9-11％）和8月（6-9％）的生物VOC排放对臭氧形成的贡献低于7月（17-20％）。在分析的热浪周期内的特定日期，此贡献增加高达60％。由于该模型将城市森林和公园中异戊二烯的浓度低估了0.6-1.4 ppb_v，因此实际贡献预计会更高。我们的研究表明，生物源性VOC可以显着增强热浪期间的空气污染。我们强调植被在温暖季节对城市空气质量和人类健康的双重作用，即去除和减少与增强空气污染。我们的研究结果表明，减少人为来源的NOx，VOC和PM的产生，例如减少机动车辆的数量，必须伴随城市植树运动，使其真正对城市居民有利。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第11期|6120-6130|共11页
  • 作者

    Galina Churkina; Friderike Kuik; Boris Bonn; Axel Lauer; Ruediger Grote; Karolina Tomiak; Tim M. Butler;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany,Geography Department, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Unter den Linden, 10099 Berlin, Germany;

    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany;

    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany,Institute for Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee S3, 79110 Freiburg, Germany;

    Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut fuer Physik der Atmosphare, Muenchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany;

    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany;

    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany;

    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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