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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Source and Biological Response of Biochar Organic Compounds Released into Water; Relationships with Bio-Oil Composition and Carbonization Degree
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Source and Biological Response of Biochar Organic Compounds Released into Water; Relationships with Bio-Oil Composition and Carbonization Degree

机译：释放到水中的生物炭有机化合物的来源和生物响应；与生物油成分和碳化程度的关系

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Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) were extracted from corn stalk biochar produced at increasing pyrolysis temperatures (350-650 °C) and from the corresponding vapors, collected as bio-oil. WSOCs were characterized by gas chromatography (semivolatile fraction), negative electron spray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (hydrophilic fraction) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The pattern of semivolatile WSOCs in bio-oil was dominated by aromatic products from lignocellulose, while in biochar was featured by saturated carboxylic acids from hemi/cellulose and lipids with concentrations decreasing with decreasing H/C ratios. Hydrophilic species in poorly carbonized biochar resembled those in bio-oil, but the increasing charring intensity caused a marked reduction in the molecular complexity and degree of aromaticity. Differences in the fluorescence spectra were attributed to the predominance of fulvic acid-like structures in biochar and lignin-like moieties in bio-oil. The divergence between pyrolysis vapors and biochar in the distribution of WSOCs with increasing carbonization was explained by the hydrophobic carbonaceous matrix acting like a filter favoring the release into water of carboxylic and fulvic acid-like components. The formation of these structures was confirmed in biochar produced by pilot plant pyrolysis units. Biochar affected differently shoot and root length of cress seedlings in germination tests highlighting its complex role on plant growth.
机译：从在不断提高的热解温度（350-650°C）下产生的玉米秸秆生物炭中提取水溶性有机化合物（WSOC），并从相应的蒸气中提取出来，作为生物油收集。通过气相色谱法（半挥发性成分），负电子喷雾电离高分辨率质谱法（亲水成分）和荧光光谱法对WSOC进行了表征。生物油中半挥发性WSOC的模式主要是木质纤维素的芳族产物，而生物炭中的半挥发性WSOCs的特征是半纤维素/纤维素和脂质中的饱和羧酸，其浓度随H / C比的降低而降低。碳化较差的生物炭中的亲水物质类似于生物油中的亲水物质，但炭化强度的增加导致分子复杂性和芳香度显着降低。荧光光谱的差异归因于生物炭中黄腐酸样结构的优势以及生物油中木质素样部分的优势。 WSOCs的分布随碳化程度的增加而使热解蒸气与生物炭之间的差异解释为疏水性碳质基质起着过滤器的作用，有利于向水中释放羧酸和黄腐酸样成分。这些结构的形成在中试植物热解装置产生的生物炭中得到证实。生物炭在发芽试验中对水芹苗的芽和根长的影响不同，突显了其对植物生长的复杂作用。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第11期|6580-6589|共10页
  • 作者

    Michele Ghidotti; Daniele Fabbri; Ondrej Masek; Colin Logan Mackay; Marco Montalti; Andreas Hornung;

  • 作者单位

    Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research "Energy and Environment", University of Bologna, via S. Alberto 163, 1-48123 Ravenna, Italy,Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy;

    Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research "Energy and Environment", University of Bologna, via S. Alberto 163, 1-48123 Ravenna, Italy,Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy;

    UK Biochar Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road,Edinburgh, United Kingdom;

    SIRCAMS, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh,United Kingdom;

    Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy;

    Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Institute Branch Sulzbach-Rosenberg, An der Maxhiitte 1, 92237 Sulzbach-Rosenberg, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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