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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Community Vulnerability to Health Impacts of Wildland Fire Smoke Exposure
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Community Vulnerability to Health Impacts of Wildland Fire Smoke Exposure

机译：社区易受野地火烟暴露对健康的影响

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摘要

Identifying communities vulnerable to adverse health effects from exposure to wildfire smoke may help prepare responses, increase the resilience to smoke and improve public health outcomes during smoke days. We developed a Community Health-Vulnerability Index (CHVI) based on factors known to increase the risks of health effects from air pollution and wildfire smoke exposures. These factors included county prevalence rates for asthma in children and adults, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, percent of population 65 years of age and older, and indicators of socioeconomic status including poverty, education, income and unemployment. Using air quality simulated for the period between 2008 and 2012 over the continental U.S. we also characterized the population size at risk with respect to the level and duration of exposure to fire-originated fine particulate matter (fire-PM_(2.5)) and CHVI. We estimate that 10% of the population (30.5 million) lived in the areas where the contribution of fire-PM_(2.5) to annual average ambient PM_(2.5) was high (>1.5 μg/m~3) and that 10.3 million individuals experienced unhealthy air quality levels for more than 10 days due to smoke. Using CHVI we identified the most vulnerable counties and determined that these communities experience more smoke exposures in comparison to less vulnerable communities.
机译：确定因暴露于野火烟雾而容易受到不利健康影响的社区，可能有助于准备应对措施，提高吸烟抵抗力并改善吸烟日期间的公共卫生成果。我们根据已知因素增加了空气污染和野火烟雾暴露对健康的影响，制定了社区健康脆弱性指数（CHVI）。这些因素包括郡县儿童和成人的哮喘患病率，慢性阻塞性肺疾病，高血压，糖尿病，肥胖症，65岁及65岁以上人口的百分比，以及社会经济状况的指标，包括贫穷，教育程度，收入和失业率。使用美国大陆地区2008年至2012年期间模拟的空气质量，我们还针对暴露于火源细颗粒物（fire-PM_（2.5））和CHVI的水平和持续时间，对面临风险的人口规模进行了特征描述。我们估计，有10％的人口（3050万）居住在火灾PM_（2.5）对年平均环境PM_（2.5）的贡献较高（> 1.5μg/ m〜3）的地区，并且有1030万人由于吸烟而经历了超过10天的不健康空气质量水平。通过使用CHVI，我们确定了最脆弱的县，并确定与脆弱程度较低的社区相比，这些社区遭受的烟雾暴露更多。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第12期|6674-6682|共9页
  • 作者

    Ana G. Rappold; Jeanette Reyes; George Pouliot; Wayne E. Cascio; David Diaz-Sanchez;

  • 作者单位

    National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory/Environmental Public Health Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States;

    National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory/Environmental Public Health Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States;

    National Exposure Research Laboratory/Computational Exposure Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States;

    National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory/Environmental Public Health Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States;

    National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory/Environmental Public Health Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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