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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Creating a More Perennial Problem? Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining Enhances and Sustains Saline Baseflows of Appalachian Watersheds
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Creating a More Perennial Problem? Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining Enhances and Sustains Saline Baseflows of Appalachian Watersheds

机译：创造一个更长期的问题？山顶清除煤矿增强并维持阿巴拉契亚流域的盐碱径流

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摘要

Mountaintop removal coal mining (MTM) is a form of surface mming where ridges and mountain tops are remove,d with explosives to access underlying coal seams. The crushed rock material is subsequently deposited in headwater valley fills (VF). We examined how this added water storage potential affects streamflow using a paired watershed approach consisting of two sets of mined and unmined watersheds in West Virginia. The mined watersheds exported 7—11% more water than the reference watersheds,' primarily due to higher and more sustained baseflows. The mined watersheds exported only -1/3 of their streamflow during storms, while the reference watersheds exported -2/3 of their annual water yield during runoff events. Mined watersheds with valley fills appear to store precipitation for considerable periods of time and steadily export this alkaline and saline water even during the dry periods of the year. As a result, MTMVFs in a mixed mined/unmined watershed contributed disproportionately to streamflow during baseflow periods (up to >90% of flow). Because MTMVFs have both elevated summer baseflows and continuously high concentrations of total dissolved solids, their regional impact on water quantity and quality will be most extreme and most widespread during low flow periods.
机译：山顶清除煤开采（MTM）是一种表面打磨的形式，其中去除了山脊和山顶，并用炸药炸穿了下面的煤层。碎石料随后沉积在上游水谷填埋物中（VF）。我们使用配对分水岭方法（由西弗吉尼亚的两组已开采和未开采的分水岭组成）研究了这种增加的储水潜力如何影响河流流量。矿山流域的水出口量比参考流域多了7-11％'，这主要是由于基流越来越大，持续时间更长。在暴风雨期间，被开采的集水区仅出口了其流量的-1/3，而在径流事件中，参考集水区输出了其年产量的-2/3。具有山谷填充物的矿山流域似乎可以在相当长的一段时间内存储降水，即使在一年中的干旱时期，也可以稳定地输出这种碱性和盐水。结果，混合的已开采/未开采分水岭中的MTMVF在基流时期（流量的最大> 90％）对流量产生了不成比例的贡献。由于MTMVF既有夏季基流升高，又有高浓度的总溶解固体，因此它们对水量和水质的区域影响在低流量时期将是最极端和最普遍的。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第15期|8324-8334|共11页
  • 作者

    Fabian Nippgen; Matthew R. V. Ross; Emily S. Bernhardt; Brian L. McGlynn;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States;

    Department of Biology and;

    Department of Biology and;

    Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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