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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Assessing the Reliability of Material Flow Analysis Results: The Cases of Rhenium, Gallium, and Germanium in the United States Economy
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Assessing the Reliability of Material Flow Analysis Results: The Cases of Rhenium, Gallium, and Germanium in the United States Economy

机译：评估物料流分析结果的可靠性：美国经济中的,、镓和锗案例

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摘要

Decision-makers traditionally expect "hard facts" from scientific inquiry, an expectation that the results of material flow analyses (MFAs) can hardly meet. MFA limitations are attributable to incompleteness of flowcharts, limited data quality, and model assumptions. Moreover, MFA results are, for the most part, based less on empirical observation but rather on social knowledge construction processes. Developing, applying, and improving the means of evaluating and communicating the reliability of MFA results is imperative. We apply two recently proposed approaches for making quantitative statements on MFA reliability to national minor metals systems: rhenium, gallium, and germanium in the United States in 2012. We discuss the reliability of results in policy and management contexts. The first approach consists of assessing data quality based on systematic characterization of MFA data and the associated meta-information and quantifying the "information content" of MFAs. The second is a quantification of data inconsistencies indicated by the "degree of data reconciliation" between the data and the model. A high information content and a low degree of reconciliation indicate reliable or certain MFA results. This article contributes to reliability and uncertainty discourses in MFA, exemplifying the usefulness of the approaches in policy and management, and to raw material supply discussions by providing country-level information on three important minor metals often considered critical.
机译：传统上，决策者期望科学询问产生“硬事实”，这种期望是物质流分析（MFA）的结果难以满足的。 MFA限制是由于流程图不完整，数据质量有限和模型假设所致。此外，MFA的结果大部分都不是基于经验观察，而是基于社会知识构建过程。必须开发，应用和改进评估和传达MFA结果可靠性的方法。我们采用了两种最近提出的方法来对MFA的可靠性做出定量声明，这些方法用于2012年美国的national，镓和锗等国家微量金属系统。我们讨论了政策和管理环境下结果的可靠性。第一种方法包括基于MFA数据和相关元信息的系统表征评估数据质量，并量化MFA的“信息内容”。第二个是对数据不一致的量化，由数据和模型之间的“数据协调程度”表示。较高的信息含量和较低的对帐度表明可靠或某些MFA结果。本文为MFA中的可靠性和不确定性问题做出了贡献，通过提供有关通常被认为至关重要的三种重要次要金属的国家级信息，证明了政策和管理方法的实用性，并为原材料供应的讨论提供了帮助。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第20期|11839-11847|共9页
  • 作者

    Meylan Grégoire; Reck Barbara K.; Rechberger Helmut; Graedel Thomas E.; Schwab Oliver;

  • 作者单位

    Transdisciplinarity Lab, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Safety and Environmental Technology Group, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;

    Center for Industrial Ecology, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States;

    Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria;

    Center for Industrial Ecology, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States;

    Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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